How to grow cherries in Siberia

Cherry is one of the most common trees. She loves sunshine and a warm climate, but can take root in other climates. If you follow the recommendations for the maintenance of the tree, it does not just make you happy harvest. It is especially important to follow the rules of gardeners living in an area with a rather harsh climate. Is it possible to grow cherries in Siberia, how to plant and care for it?

Is it possible to grow cherries in Siberia?

As is known, the climatic conditions in Siberia are quite severe, but it is possible to grow a cherry tree. Choose to plant any of the zoned varieties and provide him with the necessary care. Cultivation of cherries from the European part of the country in Siberia will not be crowned with success. Most likely, the process will end with freezing.

For this territory, breeders selected individual cherry varieties characterized by high winter hardiness, precocity and yield.Their taste is no worse than that of women living in a warm climate.

Popular varieties

Cherry assortment is quite extensive. Therefore, the choice of cherry varieties even for planting in Siberia is not so limited.

Sweet

Growing trees with sweet fruits is a little more difficult. The varieties intended for the Siberian region are large-fruited and have good taste. In addition, they are distinguished by partial self-fertility, resistance to the process of vyprevaniya and coccomycous susceptibility.

The best cherries with sweet fruits for Siberia:

1. The Altai early is a self-infertile early-ripening variety that has the ability to recover quickly after freezing. Frost resistance level is medium. The tree is resistant to subsidence and drought. The ripened fruits appear already in the beginning of July.
2. Desired - sweet variety with high yield. It belongs to the category of partially self-bearing trees.The level of winter hardiness is medium. Fruit ripening occurs towards the end of July.
3. Kasmalinka is a highly transportable self-fertile cherry that is resistant to frost and drought. Its fruits are expected in late July.
4. Kristina is a variety with high winter hardiness. Representatives are characterized by short stature and large-fruited. The third decade of July - the beginning of the ripening period.
5. Maksimovskaya is a high-yielding large-fruited tree belonging to the category of self-fruit. The first fruits ripen at the end of July.
6. Subbotinskaya, which is characterized by the presence of good taste in the fruit, a high level of productivity and simplicity in grafting. Fruiting begins in July.
7. Shadrinskaya is a self-fertile, medium-resistant, high-yielding cherry. It lends itself well to grafting and begins to bear fruit closer to mid-August.

With sour

If you wanted to get a more winter-hardy and unpretentious cherry tree, you should choose among the varieties whose fruits will have a slight sourness. However, in this case, stable fruiting should not be expected. The fruits will be small.

The main drawback is the imbalance to subsidence. Most popular varieties:

1. University refers to the quick-growing plants of medium winter hardiness. Its fruits have good technological properties, easily break off the tree. Cherry rooted well.
2. Irtyshskaya from the category of self-fertile is characterized by a high level of resistance to frost, yield and good technological properties of the fruit.
3. Transparent differs in high frost resistance and productivity. Its fruits are easily processed in various ways.
4. Early steppe is very resistant to winter frosts. Trees give a good harvest in the form of small cherries, suitable for processing.

Choose a site for landing

Trees of this species have the ability to grow on any soil. But it should be borne in mind that the seat for the cherry bush should not be located on excessively salty, moist and peaty soil. Otherwise, the fruits will be smaller, and their taste will be much lower.

Soil must first be fertilized. Process too acidic soil with lime mortar. It is best to plant cherries in a sheltered place with good solar lighting. For this fit slope or any other elevation.

How to plant a sapling

Planting of seedlings is carried out in a hole about 50 cm deep.

The shape of the hole is asymmetric: there is an inclined and absolutely vertical side. Damaged areas of the root system should be trimmed. Place the seedling on the slope side and stick the roots along with the third stem. Be sure to water the tree. If planting is done in the fall, you need to think about sheltering a young plant.

Timing

Cherry can be planted in the autumn, until October, or spring - from April. Having bought a sapling in November, be ready to care for it before spring planting in the soil. Climatic conditions of Siberia limit the landing period.

The best time for a cherry sapling is spring. He needs time to grow and gain strength. Otherwise, he may not survive the winter cold.

A prerequisite for landing is warm ground. Therefore, it is better to plant a sapling closer to mid-April immediately after sunset.

Special features

Planting cherries in the spring should be planned in the fall. Buy biennial seedlings. Before planting a tree in open ground, you must check the root system and cut off the damaged areas. Slices are processed using crushed coal.

In addition, the seedling needs about three hours to spend in a container with water in order to straighten the roots. In the autumn, they not only acquire cherries, but also prepare the soil. The ideal soil should be well drained, sandy, sandy or loamy.

Sour soil treated with dolomite flour or lime. After this procedure, fertilizers can be applied only after a week.

To plant a cherry bush should be in places of deep groundwater to prevent rotting of the rhizome. A dug hole 60 cm wide and 50 cm deep should contain the root system completely.

Before you put the cherry in it, apply fertilizer: a kilogram of ash, a bucket of sand and 25 g of potassium chloride. Young cherry necessarily need support in the form of a wooden stake. After planting, pour the seedling with warm water (about 25 liters). Mulching pristvolnogo circle requires special raw materials: humus, sawdust, fine compost.

If several trees are planted at once, leave each of them a free 3-meter space. How to properly care for the cherry in Siberia in the spring?

Cherry care in Siberia

The goal of caring for any plant - protection from diseases and pests.To do this, it is necessary to carry out all the listed activities in good faith:

• soil loosening;
• pruning branches;
• plant nutrition.

After planting for 2-3 years the need for fertilizer young does not arise. Therefore, care for cherries is provided by shallow loosening of the soil of the tree circle about three times per season, removal of weeds, pruning and watering.

Watering and soil care

It is necessary to water a cherry bush until the ground of the circle of the trunk does not get wet 40-45 cm deep. Watering along with top dressing is necessary for the tree immediately after the flowering period, the next - after the fruit is poured.

Cherries require 3-6 buckets of water, depending on the rainy season. If it does not bear fruit, then watering is carried out every two weeks. Summer requires more frequent watering.

About a month before the beginning of the fruiting period, it is necessary to restrict the tree to water. Otherwise, the berries may crack, and the process of rotting begins.

Top dressing

Only once every three years, the soil next to the cherry is dug up with organic fertilizer. In addition, the organics should add minerals: 20-25 g / m2 of potassium sulfate and 25-30 g / m2 of superphosphate.

Nitrogen supplementation is carried out twice a year.

15-20 g / m2 of ammonium nitrate can be replaced by 10-15 g / m2 of urea. Fertilizer is applied not only to the soil near the tree, the entire territory of the cherry orchard should be uniformly fertilized.

Before feeding you need to water the trees. Cherry bush is also fed with urea at the rate of 0.5 g per liter of water. You need to repeat the event three times. The interval is one week. The best time is after sunset.

Trimming rules

For the first time, cherries pruned branches in the spring (month of March), while the buds have not yet swelled. Pruning is not prohibited in the summer, as soon as there is no more harvest on the branches. If the choice fell in the fall, spend the procedure after the growing season. Sanitary pruning of diseased parts of the tree can be done at any time.

Properly done pruning of a cherry bush makes it possible to carry out this procedure only once a year. The "wounds" of the tree at the site of the cuts must be processed. Pruning cherries should be carried out according to the scheme.

The shoots of an annual plant, exceeding 35 cm in length, are cut.The tree trunk can also be shortened. The correction of the crown itself is carried out in the summer period, after fruiting. How to cut the cherry in the fall? In the fall, the branches are cut much less frequently because of the fear of damaging the crop and reducing the resistance of the tree to frost. Remember that correct pruning only increases yields, preventing infectious infections.

Leaving broken branches for the winter is an unaffordable luxury. Cherry will have to feed them, causing damage to other healthy branches.

It is possible to start autumn pruning immediately after the end of the growing season. If you do not have time, postpone the procedure for the spring period. Annuals do not need to cut in the fall.

Disease and pest treatment

Spring processing of the cherry bush is carried out before bud break with a 7% urea solution from pests that successfully survived the winter. Having missed this period, it is better to cultivate the soil with a 3% solution of copper sulfate. After two weeks, treat the wood from the tick with colloidal sulfur or Neonon.

In the summer, when the fruits are in the growth phase, it is worth protecting cherries from pests with the drug "Fufanon" and diseases with copper oxychloride. In the fall season, cherries are sprayed with a 4% urea solution.

Be sure to whitewash the trunk with lime mortar with the addition of copper sulfate.

Individual treatment of the bush is carried out with different preparations depending on the type of the disease and the type of pest.

Wintering cherries in cold climates

Cherries growing on the territory of Siberia, especially in need of winter shelter to protect the roots from freezing. It is very simple to provide shelter to a tree: create a snowdrift around the trunk, and then powder it with sawdust. Younger cherry bushes are additionally tied with spruce pine.

Growing cherries in the harsh Siberian conditions is not so easy, but still possible. Despite the resistance of the tree to frost, take care of it in winter is also necessary. Competently selected variety and proper care of the plant - a guarantee of a cherry crop.