Grapes today have ceased to be something exotic or inaccessible.
There are many varieties of this plant, which differ from each other, both in appearance and taste.
One of them is Ataman.
Let's talk about it in more detail.
Description of grapes Ataman
This is the result of amateur breeding, a hybrid obtained by crossing varieties Rizamat and Talisman. As for the appearance, the clusters are rather large, have a cylindrical shape, an average density. Mass can vary from 600 to 800 g, but some clusters can reach a weight of 1200 g.
Berries can be both large and very large, the mass of one ranges from 12 to 16 g. For this variety is characterized by an elongated-oval shape of the fruit, red-purple color. In the sun, the color changes and becomes dark purple. The berries have a thick peel, covered with a moderate wax coating. Grapes Ataman has a juicy flesh and has a pleasant harmonious taste.
For this variety is characteristic average ripening time, 130-145 days. Ataman has a high growth power. Bushes are powerful, with a large number of shoots, more than half of which bear fruit.
Merits
• The fruits of the Ataman are among the largest.
• Clusters possess high commodity qualities, easily transfer transportation
• Damage to wasps is estimated to be moderate.
• The variety has a high yield even in unfavorable weather conditions.
disadvantages
Requires shelter for the winter.
Features planting grapes
With planting swings, one can plant one-year woody seedlings or green vegetative ones. It depends on it landing time. In the first case, the landing time is mid-April - mid-May, and in the second - end of May - end of June. Ataman, like any other grape variety, loves warmth, so it ripens faster in a suitable climate than in another.
If you want to plant grapes near the wall of a house or another building, then bushes better placed on the south side. Thus, the vine will receive additional heat at night, and the result will be the earlier appearance of the fruit. If you decide to make a vineyard in the garden, then you should not plant bushes of this grape variety close to the trees, since the roots of the Ataman will lack moisture due to the root system of the tree.
The minimum temperature that the Ataman can withstand is -23 ° C, so you need to make a careful shelter of bushes for the winter.
Grape care
1. Watering
Grapes need moisture, especially in the hot season, so you need to water the bushes with a certain order. It is necessary to water the vineyard so that the water spreads to the entire depth of the root system. Therefore, the estimated water consumption will be 7-10 buckets. It is also possible to loosen the top layer of earth under the bush, so that air can better flow to the roots.
2. Mulching
The vineyard must be mulched a season before it is laid so that the seedlings will grow in fertile soil. The earth should warm up well before mulching. You can wait for the need to temperature 10-12 ° C or look at the grapes. When the eyes bloom, you can mulch. For mulching, you can use peat, straw, manure, black polyethylene and other materials.
3. Harboring
Covering must be made in order to preserve the bushes in the winter season.You can cover with earth, film and other materials. When covering, you need to lay the vine on the ground, put it on top of the dry leaves and cover it with earth or cover it with plastic wrap. It is necessary to sprinkle the head of the bush thoroughly with the ground in order to better protect the roots from frost. When covering with a film, it is necessary to leave an air gap and open the film during the thaw.
4. Pruning
Such grapes as Ataman, you must cut before his shelter. The load on the bush should be 55-60 eyes, and pruning fruiting vines should be made on 8-10 eyes.
5. Fertilizer
The grapevine of this variety requires nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, zinc and others. In addition to such well-known fertilizers as manure, mineral fertilizers are also used, such as potassium chloride, ammonium nitrate, superphosphate, and others. As for the time of fertilization, it must be done in the spring before opening the bushes after winter, and throughout the flowering and ripening of the bushes.
6. Protection
Despite the fact that Ataman has a moderate degree of resistance against fungal infections, first of all, courses should be protected from such a fungal disease as oidium. The main sign of infection is a white bloom on the leaves.For "treatment" you can use both biological and chemical methods. Biological methods include spraying the bushes with a suspension of sulfur, water infusions of hay dust and others.
In chemical methods, such fungicides as strobe, vectra, basezol and others are used.
Also Ataman grapes need to be protected from the most dangerous fungal disease - mildew. A sign is the formation of yellow oily spots on the leaves. To combat this disease, drugs that contain copper are used: Bordeaux mixture, copper chloride and others.
