Cherry plum Proper fit and care

Alycha is a low tree, or even a bush,

which makes us taste sourish fruit

yellow or dark purple, small size.

She constantly gives very good yields, and it is not difficult to care for her.

In this article we will tell you how best to

take care of plum, about the intricacies of landing

and protecting the cherry plum tree after planting.

Preparing for planting plum

Preparing the soil for planting

Plant plum start with the choice of location and land preparation. Before landing Garden needs to take into account some points: plum does not tolerate drought, because it is considered a moisture-loving tree, but at the same time, its flower buds are less resistant to winter cold and sub-zero temperatures.

Cherry plum will grow best in the south-western part of the garden, on a slope, the western and south-eastern part of the orchard will also suit. Should be consideredto protect the area from strong winds, frosts, droughts, excess moisture and other adverse weather conditions.

Before planting seedlings, organic fertilizers are applied to the ground, including manure or humus, superphosphates and potassium salt are applied, then the plot is dug up. Mineral fertilizers are not applied on chernozem soils, as there is no benefit from this.

On soils that are not as fertile as chernozems, the amount of applied fertilizer depends on the degree of their fertility. Soils with increased acidity lime. In the landing pit make all the nutrients except manure.

Selection of seedlings

Cherry plum trees planted in the ground as annuals and biennials. Before buying them you need to pay attention to the root system, it must be strong and powerful, and have 5 main roots, the length of which is equal to 25-30 cm.

Also, grafted trees are planted, they enter fruiting early, and recover much faster after frost.

Seedling preparation

Cherry plum root system, before planting in your garden, you need to carefully inspect. All diseased, damaged, dried and infected roots are removed with a garden shears. The remaining healthy roots are also slightly trimmed, i.e., pruned.

Pruning sapling roots should pay attention on its color, if it is brown, then you need to remove it so that it is white, that is, to the place where the healthy root begins.

The next step, after trimming the roots, they need to dip in the mash. This will prevent the risk of drying, will restore the balance of lost moisture during transportation or improper storage of seedlings. Prepare it from a mixture of mullein and clay, but you can just from the ground.

It will be useful to soak the root system in the Aktara solution, but it can also be used in another soil insecticide, which contributes to the protection of plants from pests, including the cockchafer, the wireworm.

Landing pit

The cherry plum tree will best grow on loamy soils with weak acidity. The groundwater level should be at least 1.5 meters deep from the ground surface.

A landing pit is dug up about 60 cm wide and up to 80 cm deep.If the soil is poor, the width of the pit increases to 70 cm. Soil preparation depends on the type of soil. If a sandy soils - the bottom of the pit is advised to fall asleep with a layer of clay, which is 15 cm thick.

For drainage, on wet soils, the bottom of the pit is laid out with rubble, broken brick or coarse sand. The drainage layer should be about 15 cm. Pits are dug up at a distance of 3 meters from each other.

The dug pit is fertilized. Humus, superphosphate, potassium chloride or wood ash are introduced into it. On poor soils, the amount of fertilizer is increased by 50%. To reduce soil acidity, one kilogram of lime is poured into each pit.

The cherry plum is planted so that the root collar remains 10 cm higher than the ground level. Be sure to ground the ground and formed the hole for irrigation. After planting the tree is cut.

Landing

Landing pattern

The interval between cherry plum seedlings directly depends on the climate where the trees grow, on the condition of the soil, i.e. fertility. In the southern locality on fertile soil, plum is planted at a distance of 4 meters from each other, and between rows 5, in the northern regions, 3 and 5 meters, respectively.Very close, so to speak, thicker, trees should not be planted.

At first, this seems like a bright prospect, saving space, you can plant more trees of different varieties, but when they grow, there is little space and they develop poorly.

Depending on the type of cherry plum and tree crown, itsriniato planted in a certain pattern: strong-growing trees 7 m between trees and 4 m between rows, in the middle - 5 m at a distance from each other, between rows 3 meters, and low-growing, respectively 4 and 1.5 meters.

Landing time

Cherry plum planted in the fall and spring. It is important to have time to plant trees in early spring, before the beginning of April, while the plants are in hibernation, i.e. before budding, and in autumn it is necessary to have time to mid-September, at least one month before the first frost.

During late planting in the spring, the tree will often hurt and lag behind, and late planting in the fall can adversely affect the root system, it freezes out, as the plum tree does not have time to take root.

Landing depth

Root neck of a sapling Alycha, after the soil has settled, should always remain at ground level. If you plant is not very deep, the roots become bare, and the growth of seedlings increases.But if you overdo it and plant it too deeply, then there is a risk of oppression of seedlings, especially on hard, cold soils.

A slight deepening of the root collar on sandy and pebbly soils is allowed, it is there that the negative impact of overheating of the soil, the lack of moisture affects the cherry plum seedlings.

Departure after landing

Alycha tree, after planting, needs abundant watering, regardless of whether it is raining outside or not. Watering the trees 2-3 times, in spring and summer. Under one tree pour 4 buckets of water. The following watering is carried out in June, July and September. The land beneath the plants is loosened and weeded.

A complete and proper care consists in the timely application of fertilizers that affect the yield and growth of the tree. But, in the first year of growth, the plant is not fed, the amount of fertilizer that was applied at the time of planting is quite enough.

Under cherry plum, three times throughout the growing season fertilize: with the arrival of spring in March, at the end of May - at the beginning of June, during the period of growth of ovaries, and the third - in July or August, when laying buds for a new crop. Gardeners are advised to use nitrogen fertilizers.

In the second year Growth plum fed fertilizer with a nitrogen content. In the fourth year, they are fed with organic and phosphorus-potassium salts, they are introduced in the autumn during the garden digging.

To the most basic care items for cherry plum can be attributed:

• Weed control.

• Grounding the soil around the hole.

• Soil mulching. Peat, compost or humus mixed with chalk or dolomite flour is used.

• Formation of the crown.

• Fight against diseases and pests.

Care

Pest and disease protection

Cherry plum suffer from such diseases, as gray rot (monoliosis), brown spot, smallpox, rust, gum treatment.

Brown spot appears on the leaves in the form of spots, the leaves gradually dry and fall off. Creep therapy is manifested in already diseased plants. The gray rot affects the shoots that fade over time, the fruit of the tree rot, and in their place a gray growth is formed.

With smallpox, various spots appear on the leaves, the color becomes green instead of green - marble, the fruits take on a completely different unnatural shape, and spice ahead of time.A disease like rust appears on the streaks of a leaflet in the form of dark spots, then they fall off, and the tree can die even from a slight frost.

Cherry plum infect such insects as a saplings, western Gypsy bark beetle, downy silkworm, moth.

Although cherry plum is considered resistant to various diseases, fungal diseases also have a negative effect on it. It is powdery mildew, monilial burn. To protect the plant, it is necessary to carry out sanitary preventive measures, i.e., burn and remove infected branches and shoots, keep tidings clean, remove old bark and infected fruits, rake dead leaves and get rid of weeds. Wounds on a tree trunk are cleaned and disinfected with copper sulfate solution.

Tree formation

In the first year, after planting, form a crown of cherry plum. It includes a certain number of skeletal branches, their density, the formation of branches of the second and third order and the trees that bear fruit. When forming the crown of a plant, pruned, shortened and thinned cuttings.

U cherry plum form four kinds of crowns - without tiered, rarefied and tiered, half-flat and flat.But other types of crowns are also used - hedge and palmetta. Mostly trees are pruned in the form of a non-tiered crown and a cup-shaped crown.

Cherry plum cut off and in the spring, and in the summer, and in the fall. But, it is right and best to prune trees in the spring, before budding begins, somewhere in March or April. Deleting branches during this period is almost painless. And from the cut branches the juice does not flow, and they heal faster.

Summer pruning carry out only when small correction is necessary, or in the sanitary purposes. Cut dry and unnecessary branches, and those that grow inside the crown.

Autumn pruned cherry plum only for sanitary purposes. You can not worry too much that the removal of unnecessary branches, somehow affect the fruiting. Sick and dry branches are sure to be cleaned, as they can be carriers of pests and insects can live in them that negatively affect the tree. Cut down the fallen branches, and those that no longer bear fruit.

Fertilizer

Every year, under the plum tree, with the onset of late autumn, organic fertilizers are applied, about half a bucket of humus or compost per 1 m².And in early spring, as soon as the trees ottsvetut, and in mid-summer, the plant needs urea, it is brought into the tree trunk. At the next feeding make potassium sulfate, about 30 grams. per 1m².

Watering

Young trees, after planting in the ground and pruning, watered. 4 buckets of water are considered to be the norm for watering on one tree. The following watering is carried out in the spring and at the beginning of summer, approximately the number of waterings is 3 times.

Winter

In winter, frost has a negative effect on the roots and bark of the tree. The bright sun in winter can burn alyche, and winter precipitation in the form of snow, or ice on the branches can break them.

Root system mulch leaves in late autumn. Mulching is done on half of the spade bayonet, hay, sawdust, and peat are added - all this is mixed with the ground, and wood ash is added, which is able to protect the tree from fungus and mice.

Tree trunk begin to mulch before the onset of the first frost, not previously recommended, as the bark can melt and damage. The first snow is thrown with a shovel over the mulch, making a snowdrift as high as possible, which is a guarantee of the harmful effects of frost.

Soil stop processing until early September. A good phosphate fertilizer can help a tree to over-winter; it is introduced in August. We should not forget about the whitewashing of tree trunks, its fork and skeletal shoots. For the winter, plum is covered with spruce leaves, wrapped with sacking.