Variety of apple trees "Zhigulevskoe". What is important to know gardener

Learn all about the features of the variety of apples is very difficult. Indeed, on many sites you can find only excerpts of the necessary information.

In this article we tried to fit all the most useful and necessary data for those who are going to grow a variety of apples "Zhigulevskoe" in their garden plot.

In addition to the characteristics of the specified requirements for planting and tree care.

All about apple "Zhigulevskoe"

This rather tasty grade of apples gives the crop in the fall, by the end of September. Him fruits are subject to long storageFor which they are very appreciated by gardeners. It can grow on nonchernozem soil, it is distributed over the regions close to the north (the middle climatic zone and higher are the central and northern parts of Ukraine, Belarus and the central regions of Russia).

The variety was obtained as a result of crossing such apples as Borovinka Ordinary (which is equal in winter hardiness) and Wagner Prize. It can be pollinated by Antonovka, a grade of "Minsk" and naturally the same "Borovinka".

Description of the fruit variety "Zhigulevskoe"

The biggest treasure of this variety is its large fruitswhich in weight can reach from 200 to 350 grams. On average, these are one-dimensional apples weighing 160 grams. In shape, they are flat-rounded or round. Sometimes the fruit is characterized by ribbing. The skin of this fruit is very dense and shiny, slightly oily. But on the surface of the apple, slightly rough and corrosive small bumps can appear that look like small warts.

Fruit color basically has a yellowish tintcovered with a blurry blush on the top in the form of reddish intense bands.This blush can occupy almost the entire surface of the fruit, which makes it particularly attractive and gives it a high presentation. Although the fruit also has a large number of subcutaneous points, they are faint for the human eye.

The stem of a mature fruit can be long or medium, but rather thick. Fruits are also characterized by a deep and wide funnel, the skin in which can become crabbed. A cup of apple can be different, but mostly has an average size.

The saucer is also deep, which makes its walls cool (sometimes they can be ribbed). Podchashechnaya tube in the form of a funnel. A seed nest with closed seed chambers is located in the center of the fruit; in shape resembles an onion. Small seedsThe color is dark brown.

The pulp of a ripe fruit has a cream color. By structure, it is coarse-grained. For taste the flesh is very tender, sweet and sour.

Fruits ripen simultaneously in September. However, in dry hot years, maturity may occur at the end of August. Stored apples can regarding long time - up to three months.

Fruits are used for various household purposes, but mostly directly for food and for canning. In industry, they are not actually used.

The distinctive features of the tree

The tree in this variety is considered fast-growing and bear fruit already in the 4th year after planting. The crown started to bear fruit has a wide pyramidal shape with branches extending from the trunk at a right angle.

The advantage of the crown is that it is not thickened, so that the sun's rays can fall in its middle. The color of the branches is mostly brown. Shoots are not formed very quickly, buds awaken very quickly.

The formation of the fruit on the young tree occurs on kolchatka and spears (twigs).

Apple variety "Zhigulevskoe": description of shoots and leaves

On the young tree formed thick and straight shoots, raised to the top. By color shoots dark brown.

The leaves are formed on the shoots, rather large. In color - intensely green. Leaf shape is oblong-ovate. The leaf plate has a serrated, folded in the shape of a boat with a tip twisted to the top. The scape of a leaf of the average sizes, lowered

Inflorescences consist of large flowers.Since the tree blooms very early, the very first flowering can be damaged by frost. The vegetation period of the tree is about 175 days.

The virtues of apple and fruit

Sort by right considered to be high-yielding and fast-growing, because already at the age of 5-6 years the number of fruits collected is up to 240 kilograms per tree.

Fruiting regular at a young age, mature trees can bear fruit periodically but still not yield to the amount of the crop.

Trees and fruits of this variety resistant to scab.

Ripe fruits have a high presentation. Fruits are stored for about three months.

Trees varieties "Zhigulevskoe" suitable for planting and cultivation in intensive type gardens.

But there are also disadvantages to the variety

Unfortunately, "Zhigulevskoe" has several drawbacks.

In particular, it is the average resistance of trees to low temperatures. Although the tree and its fruits resistant to the main disease of apple scab, it is very often affected by the second generation of moth. Therefore, gardeners will have to spend a lot of effort in order to save their crops.

The disadvantage is also the frequency of fruiting trees, which occurs in adulthood.

Properly planted apple seedling "Zhigulevskoe"

How well you plant your seedling will depend not only on whether or not it is taken, but also on what kind of harvest can be obtained from the tree.

It is also important to take into account the planting time, since for the Zhigulevskoye apple tree it is suitable both for autumn and spring. There are a lot of nuances of landing. Therefore, about each of them in order.

We select and prepare the soil for planting

Tree loves highly fertile soil with good drainage and low groundwater levels. Therefore, if there is no such soil in your garden, you will have to prepare it very carefully.

The most suitable soils for apple are medium loamy. Do not plant such a tree in saline or marshy soils.

First of all, it is important to know that the pit for planting an apple should be prepared six months or a year before planting the seedling.

We ate the soil fertile, in addition fertilize it is not necessary, just leave a hole so that it will disappear. On such soils, a hole with a depth and a width of 60 centimeters will be sufficient for a tree.

Nursery soil is not very good, the depth of the pit should be increased to 1 meter.When digging a hole, throw away the top fertile soil layer in one direction and the bottom one in the other. The top layer is later used for blending with fertilizers.

The ground at the bottom of the pit should be well burst to about a depth of 15 centimeters. This is done in order to saturate the soil with plenty of oxygen.

Choosing a sapling

Seedling for planting should be 1-2 years old. He is sure must be vaccinated. Choosing a young tree, pay attention to its root system: it must necessarily have at least two skeletal roots, about 30 centimeters long, and lobe roots. Well see if the roots have dried up, otherwise your tree will not be able to start.

If you bought a sapling in the fall, and you want to plant it only in the spring, then you can save the tree very simply in the garden. To do this, just prikopayte it in a shallow groove, a depth of 30 centimeters. It should put the roots and water them well.

Choosing a place

Apple tree highly loves the suntherefore, a dark place is not suitable for her. Choose a more open area for planting. When laying a garden, also calculate that adult trees do not shade each other.

Direct planting seedlings

Inspect carefully before landing. seedling roots. If available damaged - their worth cutting and dip into the clay mortar.

Next, mix the top layer of soil that you removed when digging a hole with 2-3 buckets of humus. It is also worth adding about 150 grams of superphosphate and 65 grams of potash fertilizer to this mixture.

Now put in the pit sapling.

It is important to ensure that its root neck is centimeters at 3 above the ground level. Because after the soil settles, it will fall and should be exactly at the level of the soil or 1-2 centimeters below. It is important not to allow it to be planted too deep, or that the roots stick out.

The roots of the seedling are spread out on the surface of the compacted mound, which we poured into the pit. Next, the rest of the mixture of soil and fertilizer is poured onto the roots. The ground should be well sealed with feet.

The bottom layer of soil, which we dug out when we made a hole, falls asleep to the very top and something should be done to resemble a small shaft in order to retain water during irrigation.

Watering seedlings after planting

Immediately after planting the tree should pour 2-3 buckets of water. In dry weather, watering should be repeated regularly. Also, the soil around the seedling should be mulched with peat or humus (the layer should be about 7 centimeters).

It is also important to constantly loosen the ground. That will accelerate the income to the roots of not only water but also air.

Care tree apple "Zhigulevskoe"

No one is surprised by the fact that good care is a factor in a good harvest. In order not to harm the young apple, it is important to thoroughly familiarize yourself with the most important aspects of care.

Sapling care

As mentioned above, seedling requires careful watering. What has to be watered a tree, regardless of whether it is planted in the fall or spring.

In order for the buds in the lower part of the tree to wake up faster, the shoots of the annual seedling are shortened by about 35%.

Also clipped everything damaged branches. To do this, it is worth using a very sharp garden knife to make a small image of high quality and not cause additional damage. Damaged or dried branches are cut off in such a way that they do not even leave a “penelette”.

If the tree is planted in the fall, it is logical to do pruning only in the spring, before bud break. Otherwise, you can contribute to the freezing of the seedling, which may not even bloom in spring.

Caring for apple trees in spring and summer

The most important measures to care for an apple tree in the spring are pruning, with the help of which the crown, whitewash and fertilizer is formed.

To fertilize a tree is worth solutions containing nitrogen. With it, the vegetative processes of the tree are activated. Fertilizer should be applied to a ditch specially excavated for this purpose around the trunk of a tree.

To protect bark apple trees from various pests and insects - it should to whiten. Time, in principle, for this you can choose any, it is only important that the days were not rainy.

Also very important in spring sprinkle an apple treeso that it does not hit the scab and pests. It is recommended to carry out this procedure three times - before the buds swell, during their blooming and one more time after.

During the summer you need to monitor the dryness of the soil. If you establish a drought - it is worth water the tree regularly. Also, in the summer it is worth feeding the apple with nitrogen or copper sulfate.

Autumn care for the apple tree "Zhigulevskoe"

Autumn is important loosen the ground around the tree so that it can be filled with air for a long winter period. In order for the tree not to suffer from frost, it should be warmed. This should be done with the fertilizer - lay a peat or humus on the trunk of the tree.

It is important to make such fertilizers before the very frosts, so that they do not have time to soak into the ground and stimulate the growth of the apple tree. Also, on the space around the apple tree, you can wind up the snow.

Recommended for protection from hares and small rodents. wind up an apple tree trunktying it with twine. Also, both for warming and in order to protect the tree from rodents, often shafts of roofing material are installed around the trunk.

So that the young tree survived the winter more easily and was not damaged by strong frost winds, its branches are recommended to be tied to special stakeswhich are driven into the ground near the sapling. This number can be scored near each branch.

If you follow all these care tips, the tree will give a good harvest.

The most common mistakes when planting an apple

For novice gardeners, it is important to familiarize yourself with this section, since here we will point out the most common mistakes that should be avoided when planting a tree.

Buy medium sized seedlings

When choosing a sapling for planting, many tend to choose the largest and most developed tree. After all, such a tree is more difficult to accept during transplantation. In addition, over the age of three years, it forms a very developed root system, which is very easy to damage. Thus, even an annual tree with good care will be able to overtake in the development of a 3-year-old sapling.

Plant the tree on time

If you saw seedlings on the market, do not rush to buy them. After all, as for every crop, there are optimal periods for transplanting apples. Transplant apple tree is best at the end of September, at the beginning of October, but in no case, not earlier, because a young plant only picks up juices and dissolves, and by transplanting you will strongly disrupt this process.

Pit preparation

We have already said above that pit for planting seedlings worth prepare in advance. After all, the hole dug in advance will be more saturated with oxygen and you can fertilize it much better.

Do not overdo it with fertilizers.

It is logical that every owner is trying to fertilize his tree as best as possible.However, it should be borne in mind that an excessively large amount of fertilizer will greatly harm the seedling. Therefore, read very carefully what and in what quantities should be applied to the soil around the apple tree.

In addition, many during planting use the old-fashioned way and put pus on the bottom of the pit. Despite the fact that it has a lot of substances necessary for the growth of an apple tree, it can cause a "choking" of the roots of a tree if it cannot decompose quickly due to weather conditions.

It is also important to know that watering young trees with water with ammonia is also very dangerous. Despite the fact that it is very useful for adult apples, it can stop the growth of seedlings.