Cultivation rules of Canadian shadberry: characteristics of planting and care

Irga is a common ornamental shrub, the most well-known varieties of which are Canadian irga, common, round-leaved and spiky. Irga Canadian is considered the best representative of the family.

Canadian Irga: species description and popular varieties

Irga canadian - deciduous multi-stemmed plant of the Rosaceae family (Rosaceae). The height of the shrub ranges from 3 to 8 meters. The tree has strongly branched roots, placed close to the ground surface. The young bush has an elongated loose crown, the shape of which expands over time and becomes umbrella-shaped. Only 40 years later the tree will reach 6 m in height and 7-8 m in width.

The leaf of the plant is petiolate, elliptic or oblong-ovate, pointed at the end, pointed at the edge. The upper surface of the leaf is dark green in color, the reverse side is pale green.In the blooming phase, the leaf takes on a copper-red hue, and in the fall it becomes orange-yellow or red. Numerous flowers are collected in rare vertical clusters, placed along the entire length of the shoots. The flowers are bisexual, five-petal (in the shape of a star), odorless, white or cream-colored. The period of flowering culture falls on April and May. Fruits ripen unevenly in early July.

Small berries have a rounded shape, resembling a small apple. The skin of the berries is very tender, and the flesh is sweet and juicy. The color of the berries is reddish purple or bluish black.

Habitat - North America, Crimea, the Caucasus peninsula. On the basis of the Canadian shadberry many varieties were created. Consider the most popular ones.

• "Slate" - early culture with large black berries. Fruits with high sugar content have a great aroma, taste and juiciness.
• "Mandam" - Mid-season shrub, reaching up to 3 meters in height. The plant gives a big crop even in adverse years. Fruits are large, sour.
• "Ballerina" - deciduous tall (up to 6 m) tree. Long branches with age hang down to the ground.The fruits are juicy and sweet. The variety grows well in urban environments. In the berries do not accumulate harmful components from the polluted air.
• "Krasnoyarsk" - late-ripening variety, the berries of which are ready to be harvested in the middle of summer. The fruits are especially large, sweet and sour. The variety brings a great harvest and is adapted for cultivation in the harsh climatic conditions of the Central Belt and the North-West. The plant shows excellent winter hardiness.

Landing features

Irga Canadian fruits annually. The plant is undemanding to the composition of the soil, can withstand strong shading and flooding. To the terrain, too, there are no special preferences.

Lighting for growing

When choosing a site for planting Canadian snow leopards, it is important to consider lighting. For a tree it is better to choose a well-lit area,which is a guarantee of normal growth and fertility irgi. On shaded areas, the yield of shrubs is much less.

Soil requirements

In search of nutrients, the roots of the Canadian shadberry grow wildly, releasing root shoots to the surface. Therefore, the plant is best grown in sandy soils and fertile loams. The ideal soil mixture: sod land (2 parts), sand (1 part), peat (1 part). Irga grows equally well on soils with different acidity.

How to plant canadian irgu

Consider the basic rules of preparing Canadian ergi for planting. The main key to a good result in the growth of shrubs is the correct choice of planting time and planting pit.

Landing time

It is advisable to plant a canadian irgi in the open ground in autumn or early spring. Most gardeners prefer the autumn period. However, in this case, it is necessary to prepare a place for planting from the spring.

Preparation of the landing pit

The tree is usually planted in a small landing pit with drainage. Dig a groove with sides of 6 cm and a depth of 5 cm. The landing site must be cleared of weeds, dug up and kept under steam. 7-8 days before planting, lay a small layer of potash and phosphate fertilizers on the bottom of the landing pit, or add a mixture of humus (bucket), phosphate (500 g) and a little lime. Stir and tamp the mixture thoroughly. After a while, the soil is again digged.

Landing pattern

The technology of planting a bush will not cause difficulties even for a novice gardener. The process of planting is not significantly different from the landing of any other fruit culture.

Tree planting scheme:

1. The prepared soil mixture is transferred to the planting pit.
2. In the center of the pit form a cone, at the top of which set the seedling. The roots of the seedling spread on the slopes of the cone.
3. Then the pit is covered with the rest of the soil.
4. The landing site is abundantly irrigated with 10-15 liters of water. Over time, the soil in the area will shed a little, so the soil will need to be trimmed.
5. To ensure optimal growth conditions of the tree, the soil around the irgi needs to be mulched. For this purpose, use dry land, peat or dried humus.

Plant Care Basics

Irga Canadian unpretentious care. Shrub resistant to frost, drought, wind and waterlogging. This culture does not require regular watering and feeding. Only in the third year after planting, every six months the soil begins to be fed: long-acting nitrogen fertilizers are introduced in the spring, and phosphate-potassium fertilizers in the autumn.

Before winter, when the movement of nutrients along the trunk of a tree slows down, irguu can be cut, leave only 15 cm from the surface of the earth, and the rest is cut off.

Breeding

Canadian shadberry is propagated by cuttings, seeds and root suckers. The most successful method is reproduction by cuttings.

• Reproduction by seeds. Seeds are washed several times with cold water until only high-quality ones remain at the bottom of the dishes. They are sown at the beginning of autumn, 2 g per 1 meter of the plot.Sown seeds will germinate next spring or a year later.
• Reproduction of root suckers. To begin with, seedlings with well-developed roots are selected. Plants are dug up with roots. Reproduction is carried out by tearing off the siblings from the maternal root. Planting seedlings must be strictly vertically.
• Irrigation cuttings are held in summer. After cutting, the seedlings are planted in a greenhouse, plentifully watered and covered with polyethylene. In conditions of sufficient air humidity, after 20 days they will take root. Rooted seedlings for the next year can be transplanted into open soil.

Pests and diseases

Canadian irga is rarely affected by diseases and pests. Of the pests, the most often occurs is the leaf-worm and the fruit cap moth. Treating Karbofos, Fufanon or Aktellik helps in the fight against these pests. However, usually the pests do not cause particular harm to the shrub.

There are also a number of diseases affecting a garden plant: tuberculosis, moniliasis, gray mold, non-necrosis of the cortex. For prevention of these diseases, it is enough to spray trees with antifungal agents and insecticides in early spring.

Summing up, we note that not everywhere has this culture received due attention. However, once having seen this shrub in bloom and having tasted its tasty and healthy fruits, you will certainly wish to plant it in your garden.