Description and secrets of successful cultivation of grapes "Arched"

Grape crops have recently become more common. Interest in them is growing due to the variety of varieties and ease of cultivation. Special attention should be paid to the grapes "Arochny", which, based on the description of the variety, in addition to the rich harvest, is very decorative.

Inference history

Grapes "Arched" was obtained by the method of hybridization of varieties "Intervitis Magaracha" and "Friendship". It happened in Russia, in the Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking named after I. I. Potapenko. Scientists have worked on breeding varieties with ideal characteristics and a high transgressive effect. The grade received the name thanks to ability to decorate various architectural forms. Exists several titles grapes "Arched": III-14-1-1, "Friendship Rose", "Color".

Description of the variety

Grapes "Arched" is valued for its taste, pictorial and aromatic qualities, which confirms the description of the variety with photos, as well as reviews of gardeners.

Description of the bush

Shrub "Arched" grape vigorous, with large foliage, the vine in a short time can braid any arbor or arch.

Young seedlings ripen quickly and bear fruit along the entire length. They take root perfectly and freely tolerate vaccinations.

An additional advantage of the variety is that it practically does not form stepchildren.

Description of bunches

The clusters of the “Arch” varieties are rather large (400-600 g), dense, cylindrical in shape. During the period of ripening the vine is plentifully covered.

Description of berries

Large (5-6 g), with a dense skin of the berries attract attention with its unusual shade.

For the most part, they are yellow-pink, and in the sun, when fully matured, take a bright maroon shade under direct rays.

For delicacy, berries do not get a dozen from connoisseurs, although they have a rather pleasant sweetish taste. The sugar content in ripe fruits is 16-18%.

Yield

Crop ripening in a short time (115-120 days) is one of the most important qualities of this variety. For the first time, the vine produces a crop in the second year after planting. And later, every August, growers are pleased with ripe, fragrant berries. Moreover, 60-80% of the shoots of the bush bear fruit.

You can not rush to harvest - grapes for a long time can maintain their quality and presentation.

Frost resistance

The grapes "Aroch" was created for the purpose of cultivation in climatic conditions with quite severe winters, so it is quite cold-resistant - withstands up to -25 ° C.

Disease and Pest Resistance

This variety belongs to the complex-resistant species, because it is rather unpretentious and has immunity to:

• gray rot;
• mildew;
• oidium

Application

"Arched" grapes (as the name implies) are widely used for decoration. Moreover, it has a number of advantages that allow you to use the variety for registration of land along the walls of various buildings.

Requirements for planting material

Before planting, it should be remembered that growing grapes from low-quality seedlings takes not only a lot of time, but also takes a lot of trouble and can even spoil the mood.It’s easy to get disappointed in the variety if you choose the wrong planting material.

By the way, when choosing planting material blindly believe various "experts" do not follow. Choosing a sapling, you need to pay attention not only to the characteristic of the variety, but also to the condition of the seedling itself.

In the planting material is important - root system. It must be formed, healthy, with three or more strong roots. And the thicker, lighter and longer the "beard", the better.

When choosing, ask to cut one back - the cut should be light and live. Otherwise, the purchase is better to refuse.

Landing tips

In order for the grape crop to grow healthy and bring the promised harvest, it is necessary first of all to follow the rules of planting seedlings. They are simple, but will further facilitate the care of the vine.

Optimal timing

It is better to prepare landing pits in advance, in the autumn, and the landing itself should be carried out in late spring, in May. In winter, the soil in the prepared pits will have time to be saturated with oxygen and freeze (it is necessary that the pathogens disappear from the ground).

Location selection

Since the grape is a guest from southern latitudes, it loves sandy soils and sandy sands. This plant develops long roots that go deep into the ground, and therefore does not tolerate nearby groundwater.

For the "Arched" variety you need to choose a dry, open, sunny place. It is better if it will be on southwest or southeast.

Scheme and process of landing

The size of the pits for planting seedlings should be 1x1 m. In the spring, drainage is laid out at the bottom of the pit (crushed stone, small stones or broken bricks are perfect for this) and a pipe is installed for irrigation. After that, the hole is filled with a mixture of sand, humus (compost, manure) and peat, taken in equal proportions.

Mineral supplements are laid between the layers of soil:

• superphosphate - 100-200 g;
• ammonium nitrate (ammonium nitrate) - 20-30 g;
• potassium salt or wood ash - 100 g

After landing, the pit is poured with a pair of buckets of water.

On sandy soils, it is recommended to plant "Arched" grapes in trenches, and on clay soil and on loams the culture is planted on ridges.

Of course, it is better to choose a healthy planting material and take it only in proven nurseries. But even if you come across a seedling with bare roots, you can soak it for 1-2 hours in a solution of indole acetic acid and then place it in the hole, straightening the roots. From above they fall asleep with prepared soil and make a small (10-12 cm in height) hillock.

Care Tips

No matter how competently the planting material and the place for planting are chosen, it will not replace the proper care. Like all crops, the Arok grape variety needs some care, a photo and a description of the process will help any beginner.

Watering, weeding and loosening

Water "Arched" grapes need once a week. Water should not be running, it is better to preheat it in the sun. You need to water in the drainage pipe (the one that was laid when planting) of 10-20 liters.

Experts say that the top layer needs to be loosened all the time and free from weeds. So the soil absorbs moisture better and is saturated with oxygen.

Fertilization

This variety responds well to the introduction of complex fertilizers. They have a positive effect on both the appearance and the quality and quantity of the crop. Fertilizers with a high content of minerals and organic matter are used for top dressing. Organic fertilizers are preferable, of course:

• bird droppings;
• manure;
• compost;
• peat.

Mineral fertilizers are best suited:

• potassium salt;
• ammonium nitrate;
• potassium chloride;
• superphosphate.

Can be used and ready fertilizers: "Growth-1", "Crystal", "Mortar", "Florovit", "Garden Mix".

All fertilizers are applied to the root zone according to this scheme. A groove is made around the plant at a distance of 50 cm, in which fertilizers are poured. After this procedure, the groove is buried. After making the dressing the ground is well watered.

A full fertilizer is applied once a year, in late autumn. During the growing season, the grapes are fed several times:

• in early spring;
• before flowering (10 days);
• after the formation of berries;
• during the period of ripening of grapes (nitrogen fertilizers during this period can not be made).

The role of mulch

Mulch in the cultivation of grapes is not less important than proper watering and fertilizing. It helps to retain moisture in the soil and protect against mass weed germination (if they appear, they will be isolated). Peat, straw, sawdust and foliage can be used as mulch.

Pest and disease treatment

Resisting pests and diseases begins with a banal weeding and getting rid of weeds. After all, the main enemies of grapes - cicada, scoops and wireworms - love to hide in the thickets of weeds. If aphid appeared on foliage or clusters of grape, moths or moths larvae in quantities threatening the culture, the plant is sprayed with special means (Bordeaux mixture, Lepidocid, Metaphos (20%), Actellic (50%), " Phosphamide "(40%) and other insecticides), respecting the proportions specified in the instructions.

Although the "Arched" grapes are quite resistant to various diseases, sometimes you can see signs of a disease on the leaves. In this case, carry out the processing plants. To do this, use chemicals such as "Kvadris-250" or "Acrobat".

As a preventive measure in the spring they hold such events:

1. In April, they are treated with colloidal or ground sulfur, "Bayleton", copper or iron vitriol.
2. In May, the bushes are processed with "Aktellik", "Fufanon", "Fitoverm", "Neoron".

Support for grapes

The first two years, the role of support can perform regular pegsbetween which the ropes are stretched. However, with further growth, quality support for the grapes is simply necessary. In its absence, there is a risk that the branches will rot and mold will form. And this may lead to the death of culture. Arbors, dry trees or other support are used as a vertical support for this variety."Arched" grapes are able to grow on a support horizontally and independently find a reference point.

Pruning

Since the bush "Arched" grape vigorous, it is important to correctly form it, so that there is no condensation of shoots.

Often beginning gardeners do not know when and how to properly prune this variety. Experienced experts say that the “Arched” grape agricultural machinery is not much different from other varieties, and the first pruning should be done on second year after landing.

Usually the vine is cut into 6-8 holes. But since the eyes at the base of the "Arch" variety are fruitful, pruning can be done only on 3-4 eyes. These will be the fruit links, on which in the next season the fruits will be formed. The berries are formed only on the vine, which is growing for the second year, so 2 buds are left on the substitution branch, one of which will develop, and the branch will harvest in the next season.

If the bush grows for a long time in one place, it is regularly necessary to remove diseased shoots. This will avoid chopping berries and loss of taste.

Wintering

"Arched" grapes winter well and without shelter. However, the first few years after landing, it is removed from the support and insulated. For this purpose, special covering fabrics (spunbond, agrospan) are used, which let the air through and at the same time create their own microclimate.

However, the best veil is natural material - snow. Therefore, during winters with little snow, they try to cover the vine with snow cover, covering branches from strong frosts.

Observing all the simple rules of cultivation and rationing of the crop, you can achieve excellent decoration and increase the fruit of the "Arched" grapes. And in order not to be disappointed in the variety when grown, it is important to familiarize yourself with the conditions of care and to choose the right seedlings.