What is needed and how to make a trellis with your own hands

Climbing plants on the site often give it a certain zest, making some unusual in a fairly familiar appearance.

However, if you do not follow them, letting growth take their course, then the end result will be completely different: long stems will simply close other cultures and fall to the ground in ugly heaps.

To avoid such a scenario, a special support will help you, or, as it is also called, a trellis, which you can create without any problems with your own hands.

Design features

Without such a special stand, like a trellis, sometimes it is simply impossible to achieve the maximum effect from the landscaping of the territory, especially if it has climbers. This support (frame) for heavily climbing crops is an integral part of landscape design, because it is thanks to her that the stems of plants do not break, do not dry out, do not tread and do not stop.Moreover, with the help of such a device you can easily provide regular airing of the green inhabitants of your site, as well as facilitate the task of caring for them.

Tapestries can be presented in a wide variety of variations, but most often it is a metal or wooden grid with cells of the same shape. Perhaps this option is the most convenient, because it allows you to easily set the plant as the right direction for growth. Also with the help of figured or semi-circular trellis you can create very unusual and original compositions on your site.

Virtually any trellis can easily be built with your own hands, and it is not always necessary to use any special materials for this. In the article we will consider the possible options for the manufacture of the most common designs, but for now let's take a closer look at their features.

Kinds

Tapestries can be divided into types, based on several criteria: the material of creation, purpose and production options - ready-made or homemade. Each of them has its advantages and disadvantages, which you need to know if you want to get a quality construction.

By production material

In most cases, home-made tapestries used near the house or in the country are made of wood and wire, while purchased ones are made of plastic and steel rods.

The strength of such a garden element directly depends on the characteristics of the cells, because the smaller they are, the better for the stability of the whole structure. According to experts, the optimal size for such "windows" is 10 cm.

The shape of the trellis also depends on the type of material. So, wooden elements are perfect for standard triangular, square or rectangular structures,but wire, plastic and metal will allow you to create designs of more bizarre and unusual forms: for example, S-shaped or fan-shaped.

By purpose

Tapestries are divided into types and depending on their further destination. The fact is that different climbers have different requirements for their cultivation, not to mention the different sizes and other individual parameters. Therefore, before you make a trellis, you have to decide for which particular plant it will be used: for grapes, flowers or vegetable crops.

Purchased and homemade

If with home-made options everything is more or less clear: you create a frame according to your personal requirements and plant size, then the purchased options are delivered ready-made and may not take into account the size of your plantings or free space for installation.

Among the modern supports there are single-plane (fences, grids, lattices, partitions) and two-plane, represented by balconies, arches, etc.

The first option, which can be easily made at home, is perfect for growing shrubs and young plants in small areas.For fast-growing crops, if necessary, optimal use of space, it is better to choose a two-plane products. In principle, they can also be made independently, but more material will be needed here and, possibly, not only wooden bars.

In addition to the described species, there are also some other varieties of trellis. So, depending on the place of its location, you may need a wall support (attached to the wall of any building) or free-standing. In the first case, in addition to their direct purpose (maintenance of plants), such tapestries also perform a decorative function, closing the wall.

The advantage of such support in the absence of a mandatory frame, which would give additional rigidity to the entire structure. In order to fix the wall trellis, wooden bars with a cross-section of at least 5 cm should be pre-nailed to the wall. With further growing of the plant, this will improve the air circulation between the grille and the solid support.

For stand-alone support elements, you will need a frame that gives them additional rigidity and stability of the whole structure. This is a very important requirement, because, without having a support in the form of a wall, such a structure is more difficult to withstand wind loads in certain weather conditions.

Tapestry, tightly entwined with climbers, is like a sail, which means that it is easier to budge. To avoid this, do not forget to use a support pole, presented in the form of a rod from 1 cm thick (it is stuck into the ground to a depth of at least half a meter). Using a wooden bar, its lower part should be wrapped with roofing felt or treated with resin, which will prevent the wood from rotting.

Many owners of personal plots prefer to independently produce such structures, which, however, is not surprising. In addition to savings, if you wish, you can get a stronger structure that will serve faithfully for many years.

Features of creating a trellis do-it-yourself

As we noted earlier, when creating a support yourself, it is imperative to take into account the characteristics of the grown climbers, for which they are intended. So, the trellis for grapes, cucumbers, raspberries or flowers can not have any design features, and now you are convinced of this.

For grapes

The simplest and most affordable option to create a support for the grapes will be a trellis made of wire, on which all parts of the plant will be well ventilated and evenly illuminated by sunlight.

Of course, at the initial stages of development of young plants, it will be enough for a number of hammered pegs, but at the 2nd or 3rd year of life it is time to think about building from this material.

In addition to the wire, you will also need vertical pillars (preferably metal), which need to be immersed in the earth by 55-65 cm. Typically, the thickness of these elements varies between 12-15 cm, and the portion above the ground often reaches two meters.

The distance between adjacent pillars should be at least 3 meters, and sometimes (depending on the grape variety) even more. The trellis row unfolds from south to north.Between adjacent supports need to stretch a few rows of wire, after which it can be considered finished.

The main advantage of such a structure is the ease of installation and ease of care for the future crop, especially since there is a place for planting vegetables in the rows of grape bushes.

For the successful cultivation of grapes, you can use the two-plane version of the trellis. Its installation is about the same as in the first case, only such a frame is already completely made of reinforcement or metal rods, since it is designed to withstand heavy loads.

For the creation of two-plane lanes are taken infrequently, but if you are interested in them, then prepare a hammer, a hacksaw, pliers, bolts with nuts and nails, although sometimes it is better to use the welding machine immediately, since it is easier to connect separate rods together.

For cucumbers

It will not take long to think about a support for cucumbers, because such a tapestry does not have to be beautiful, it is enough that it will be functional.To ensure a generous harvest on the garden set support columns, keeping the distance between them at 2.5 meters.

A wooden crossbar should be nailed to the top of each element (its length should be 80 cm). The connection between the posts is performed by means of a spacer bar located in the middle part of the structure. The length of this component should be equal to the total length of the beds with plantations.

Then, departing 25 cm from the spacer bar (in both directions), you need to drive nails into the crossbar, on which the wire is pulled. Everything, at this stage, the trellis for cucumbers can be considered finished.

Such placement of plants will protect them from diseases and will avoid problems associated with waterlogging of leaves and stem parts. At the same time, the space in the garden increases and the yield of cucumbers increases.

For tomatoes

The tapestry for tomatoes is usually presented in the form of a simple support for the bush, to which the plants are tied up to guide their growth.So that over time the pegs do not squint, they should be well buried in the ground.

As an alternative, you can use more serious tapestries - with horizontal cross-pieces of wire or in the form of a network of PVC. The specific version of the support often depends on the variety of tomatoes and their parameters.

The strong and durable trellis turns out from a usual wire. For horizontal rows, a steel millimeter product is perfect. It serves as the main support, to which later vertical threads made of aluminum or copper wire are screwed.

Horizontal rows are made of steel wire with a thickness of 2 mm. It will serve as the main support, to which vertical threads will be screwed. Aluminum or copper wire, which is flexible and resistant to corrosion, is better suited for these purposes.

The manufacturing process begins with placing on the horizontal slats and vertical pillars a trellis of nails and staples, the distance between which must correspond to the size of the cells. The previously prepared parts of the wire should be tensioned first in the horizontal direction and then in the vertical one.

To fix the cells, vertically arranged threads should be twisted around each horizontal segment. If you don’t have time for a long time to build a trellis for tomatoes, you can find a grid from the old fence and just fix it on vertical wooden pegs near the tomato bushes.

For blackberries, raspberries and other bushes

Given that the main common parameters of the bushes is the power of growth and the length of their shoots, all the trellis are made with these factors in mind. Moreover, one plant has many varietal variations.

For example, blackberries are represented by erect (possess short and thick shoots directed upwards), creeping (with long and flexible rods that creep along the ground) and semi-creeping plants. Most of them are not able to withstand the weight of the crop and require support.

Both when growing blackberries, and when breeding raspberries or other popular fruit bushes, one-strip or two-strip designs can be used.

Now we will consider an example of one of the simplest and at the same time reliable trellis, which is equally well suited for both stunted and tall shrubs.

You will need wooden poles with a cross section of 10 x 10 cm and a length of 2.5 meters, a shovel (or a drill), thick wire and gravel. At the beginning or at the end of a row with plants, you need to make a recess for a pillar 60 cm deep.

The same deepening should be organized from the second side of the row, although if its length exceeds 6 m, then the matter will not be limited to two pillars and it will be necessary to install additional ones through the same distance.

At the bottom of the pit, be sure to cover a layer of gravel, 10 cm thick, which will help to strengthen the pillars and prevent them from settling. When installing wooden or metal products, try to keep them upright, and fill the remaining void with earth and tamp down so that the support is finally “rooted”.

In the upper part of the column, about 10 cm from the top, drill a hole under the wire.Exactly the same must be done 60 cm after the first, and then another 60 cm to retreat and drill the third. It is not necessary to make holes on already-dug columns, it is much easier to cope with the task when they are in a horizontal position.

In the finished holes, skip the wire and pull it well (it should not sag), then fix it on the first and last support in several turns around the pole. Everything, on this trellis for raspberry or blackberry is completely ready for operation.

For flowers

As with the previous options, the trellis for flowers can be of the most varied shape and size. Most often their production does not cause any difficulties. From the tool, prepare a hammer, pliers, nails, a hacksaw for metal, bolts with nuts and a welding machine, that is, a standard set for such cases.

As for materials, there is nothing unusual here: mounting strips (with a cross section of 10-20 mm), wooden bars for the frame (220 x 40 and 180 x 40 mm), steel wire, metal fittings and PVC pipes - these are the main blanks. Also do not forget about the antiseptic solution and moisture-resistant glue for working with wood.

We proceed to the process of manufacturing support.First you need to assemble a rectangular frame: we connect the bars with glue and screws, and the lower part of the horizontal bar should not be placed along the very edge of the structure, but slightly shifted to the center 40-50 cm. So you will have the opportunity to bury the base support.

Mounting strips are placed between the horizontal and vertical bars of the frame. You can first nail the lattice to the frame and carry out the installation of a one-piece structure, or you can start by placing the frame in the ground and only then proceed to sewing the inside.

Rose hangers are often made of plastic pipes and fittings, and to create arched structures, the latter can be bent at a certain angle. Such parts are installed by dredging into the ground. To increase the stability of the trellis between the arched arcs, so-called "stiffeners", which are also often used as "holders" for roses, should be fixed.

Tips and tricks for making tapestries

There are several basic recommendations for creating tapestries. First of all, the supports for them must be stable and reliable, which means that their length must exceed the length of the trellis by at least 80 cm. It is this part that is buried in the soil.

Also an important point is the size of the cells across the entire surface of the trellis. They must be the same, although this in no way means that the whole structure must become homogeneous.

That is, if necessary, you can combine small cells with larger ones, just try not to overdo it. Well and the third important rule - use a covering for support. For wooden pillars - a means against the rotting of wood, and for metal - anti-corrosion composition or ordinary paint.

With a competent approach to business and the implementation of all recommendations, you will rather quickly get a quality trellis for your plants without significant material costs.