The plant, which will be discussed in this article, for many countries is rare. Zhiryanka belongs to the endangered species of flora and is protected by law. Legal protection of this herb has been adopted in Slovakia, Hungary, Poland, Germany, Ukraine, Lithuania and Latvia. In order to understand more about the life of the wild Zhyryanka, about its types and names, read our notes.
- Zhyryanka ordinary (Pinguicula vulgaris L.)
- Alpine Toast (Pinguicula alpina L.)
- Gypsum Toaster (Pinguicula gypsicola)
- Toaster round-split (Pinguicula cyclosecta)
- Moranian toast (Pinguicula moranensis)
- Zhiryanka flat-leaf (Pinguicula planifolia)
- Zyryanka Wallisnerielistnaya (Pinguicula vallisneriifolia)
- Zhirianka nitelist (Pinguicula filifolia)
- Diuple violet (Pinguicula ionantha)
- Crystal fatfish (Pinguicula crystallina)
Zhyryanka ordinary (Pinguicula vulgaris L.)
Zhiryanka ordinary is a perennial herbaceous plant of the genus Zhiryanka, family Bubyl-vestate.
Habitat: wet cliffs and cliffs in subalpine areas, wetlands and wet soil in mountainous areas.
Spread: Europe, Greenland, Iceland, Scandinavia, Alaska.
Bloom: June August.
Description: The plant has fibrous roots (5-15 cm). The height of the grass is 5-25 cm. The leaves are basal (basal, sessile), located at the base, 2-5 cm long, 1-2 cm wide. It is easy to recognize common fat to the large, pear-shaped, yellowish-green, and also sticky and slimy to the touch leaves. Stems erect and long (5-17 cm tall). Calyx has a hairy structure. Single inflorescence. Petals have a bluish-purple color. Observation of the leaves revealed numerous tiny insects and small debris that seemed to stick to the surface of the leaf. Zhiryanka ordinary and all other varieties of this plant are propagated by seed.
Alpine Toast (Pinguicula alpina L.)
Alpine zhiryanka - a single plant, has a relatively long life expectancy.
Description: in contrast to common Zhyryanka, the pedicel of this plant is slightly shorter. Rhizome stem, brown; adventitious roots are pale yellow with one rosette of leaves at the base. Plant height - 5-15 cm. The leaves are alternate, located at the base, 4-5 in one outlet, up to 4 cm in diameter, have sticky glands on the surface. The color of the leaves varies from yellowish green and dark red to pink. A single alpine white sunshine flower with yellow pollen.
Distribution and habitat: The plant is very thermophilic. Occurs on southern slopes and rocks in the middle arctic zone. Alpine zhiryanka is a European and Siberian kind of zhiryanka, widespread in the northern and high-mountainous regions.
Bloom: usually one new bud opens during one season.
Gypsum Toaster (Pinguicula gypsicola)
Description: the rhizome is simple, short, but there are many adventitious filiform roots.Numerous basal leaves have a ciliary structure and oblong-wedge-shaped or blunt shape (1.5-8 cm in length, 2-3.5 mm in width). Pedicle erect; the flower has a characteristic purple hue. The corolla is divided into upper and lower lips; petals purple. The diameter of the corolla is from 2 to 2.5 cm.
Distribution and habitat: Mexico is home to the plant, also found in Brazil. This type of Zhyryanka was first found and explored in 1910 near a gypsum quarry located in San Luis (1300 m above sea level). In 1991, got its name and began to be cultivated in Europe. The habitat of gypsum zhiryanka requires a more detailed description. The typical environment for this plant is rocky hills: the grass grows either in crystalline crevices or in thin layers of eroded soil.
It prefers a more shaded side of the hill, facing north or north-west, since there the evaporation of water from the soil is less and the temperature is lower. However, sometimes the plant can be found in the shady places of small canyons. During the dry season (from December to June), the plant receives moisture only from morning mists.Between August and November, there are more regular rains, but the hill itself also retains moisture, which provides the plant with additional feeding.
Bloom: from June to November (depending on soil moisture); bloom may begin later.
Toaster round-split (Pinguicula cyclosecta)
Zhiryanka round-split - the simplest form of Zhiryanka.
Description: it differs from other species in round, pale green sessile leaves. Numerous leaves are collected in a dense outlet. The outlet diameter is 20 cm, the length of the pedicle is 12 cm. The rim is very fragile, purple in color. Rhizome short, simple, with a lot of adventitious thread-like roots. This herb needs minerals. Therefore, like many types of Zhyryanka, this plant uses its leaves as Velcro to trap insects (in order to supplement poor nutrition).
Spread: Mexico is the birthplace of Zhiryanka roundness. In the wild, perennial grows in forests: on limestone rocks and tree trunks. Sometimes it grows in areas with a lot of mosses or simply on cracks in the rocks (on the north side of the rocks).
Moranian toast (Pinguicula moranensis)
Zyryanka Moranskaya - perennial insectivorous plant. 
Description: in summer, the plant forms a basal rosette of leaves up to 10 centimeters in length, which are covered with mucous glands. Like other species, the Moranian zhiryanka feeds on insects. Nutrients extracted from the flesh of small arthropods are used in addition to the existing nutrients in the soil. In winter, Moranian zhiryanka loses its outlet and takes the form of a small predatory plant. The flower has a pink or purple shade, located on a vertical stem up to 25 cm long. The plant blooms twice a year.
Distribution and habitat: This species was first found in Mexico in 1799. To this day, the plant grows in Mexico, as well as in Guatemala. Zhuranka Moranskaya is widely cultivated throughout the world.
Zhiryanka flat-leaf (Pinguicula planifolia)
Description: zhiryanka flat leaves from other species are distinguished by a deep maroon leaf color.Some samples may have lighter colors (due to insufficient sunlight). The outlet diameter is 12.5 cm; pedicel height - 12 cm. The flat leaf fatty flower has five petals. The color of the petals varies from pinkish-purple to almost white. The flowers are small, but can reach 2 cm in diameter. For a flower to fully open its petals, the plant needs bright sunlight for several days. It is in sunlight that the leaves of the grass acquire a deep red color.
Habitat: This kind of fatty woman likes a very wet habitat. You can find flat leaf top in such wet areas as slopes, marshes, wet meadows.
Spread: widespread in the northern hemisphere. This type of Zhyryanka is from the USA (southeast); often found in france.
Flowering period: March to April, depending on temperature.
Threats: the plant is threatened with draining the site, deteriorating water quality and all kinds of human activity.
Zyryanka Wallisnerielistnaya (Pinguicula vallisneriifolia)
The deer valleus nerilischnaya is another type of insectivorous plants belonging to the family of vesiculate.
Distribution and habitat: plant lives in rocky areas and limestone zones at an altitude of 600-1700 meters above sea level. Perennial grass loves wet, but protected areas from direct precipitation. Zhirinka vallysenelistnaya is widespread in the mountains of Spain.
Description: the flower is pale pink or purple, less often white or pale blue. The corolla petals have a length of 15-22 mm. Basal leaves have a diameter of 12.5 cm, height 12 cm; the color of the outlet is terracotta,
Flowering period: The commoner billiaceae usually blooms in May or early June.
Cultivation: long-term cultivation will be a difficult task. The necessary conditions for growth are: good humidity, low temperature and ultraviolet lamp.
Zhirianka nitelist (Pinguicula filifolia)
Zyryanka zylelistnaya - perennial plant, another insectivorous subspecies of the genus Zyryanka.
Spread: zyryanka ylfeistnaya covers a wider ecological zone than other species. It occurs mainly in the western part of Cuba and in some neighboring regions. Zhyryanka nitelist was first discovered in 1866.
Habitat and ecology: Zyryanka filamentous grows near coastlines and in marshes. Grass flourishes in marshes with high temperature and high humidity of air and soil. However, the dry season, which lasts from November to April, this plant withstands adequately.
Description: the length of the leaves of Zhiryanka filamentous - 4-6 mm, width - 1-1,5 mm. Like most other fat plants, this tropical plant uses its sticky secretions on its leaves to catch small insects, pollen and other plant debris to supplement its own diet. The socket has a diameter of 8-10 mm. One outlet usually has 4-6 blades. Each flower consists of 5 petals. The color of the petals varies from white to yellow, from blue to purple.
Bloom: the flowering period occurs mainly in the summer season (July, August), but the plant can bloom all year round.
Threats: due to constant staying in the swamp, fat stalker often faces the threat of rotting. When fatty tissue reaches mature growth, leaf blades take a vertical position. This erect position helps her avoid rotting and fungal diseases.
Diuple violet (Pinguicula ionantha)
Zyryanka violet flowering is a rare type of flowering plants of the family Bubylata.
Description: This perennial herbaceous insectivorous plant forms a rosette of bright green leaves with fleshy edges. The leaves, each up to 8 centimeters in length, are covered with sticky hairs. The flower is pale purple. The corolla has greenish spurs on the back. The center of the flower is covered with yellow or red hairs. The corolla lobes have white hairs.
Bloom periodI: February-April.
Habitat: grass is widespread in the USA. It grows in swamps, deep swamps, wet depressions and puddles. In many countries, the fatty herb violet is counted as an endangered species. A threat to the plant are forest fires. In addition, a prolonged drought is able to reduce the number of plants.
Crystal fatfish (Pinguicula crystallina)
FCrystal White - the last plant on our list from the genus Zhiryanka.
Features: a mature plant has from six to nine thin light green leaves (from 1.5 cm to 3 cm in length and 1 cm in width).The shape of the leaves varies from elongated to ovate-oblong. The flower has a whitish blue or pink hue. The rim can be up to 2 cm in diameter.
Distribution and habitat: Cyprus is considered to be the birthplace of the plant, but historical records prove that for the first time a crystal lard was discovered on the territory of modern Turkey. The plant is also found in southern Italy, in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Albania, and Greece. Crystal Zhirin prefers limestone cliffs, stone walls, as well as swamps or wet meadows. Cultivate this species is not easy. The plant is exposed to frost and snow.
Few inhabitants of our country are familiar with fat. Now, however, if you ever happen to meet this wild and bewitching grass with its beauty, you can easily recognize it, and you may even wish to grow it on your windowsill.
