Horses are especially popular in households, and especially in villages.
These animals are used as a force for the transport of goods. In addition, contact with horses is very good for health, since these noble animals are able to bring us a lot of positive emotions.
You need to properly care for a horse so that it lives as long as possible and has served you for many years. First of all, you need to properly harness the horse, as in case of violation of this procedure, the horse can be very hurt.
There are several ways you can harness a horse. The harnesses are shafts-arc, a combination of shaf-postromochnogo, postromochno-dyshlovoj and simply postromochnogo. You can harness two, three or more horses at the same time.
There is the option of mixed studs when two and three horses are harnessed together.
First of all, you need to familiarize yourself with the harness, which is used when keeping horses.
During keeping in the stall or during the rest period, a halter is used, which is made of braid or rawhide. To control the animals use a bridle. It is made individually for a horse, based on the parameters of the animal's head.
It is important to make a correct rein so that the bits lie on the edge of the lower jaw, where there are no teeth, and that they do not put pressure on the corners of the mouth. If the bridle is too short, it will rub the skin in the corners of the mouth and create discomfort for the animal.
The reins and the reason you need to fasten to the extender rings.
The collar is also chosen individually in size and shape of the neck. If it is too short, pressure will be applied to the neck, from which the horse may suffocate. This is especially dangerous when the animal rises. Damage to the shoulders and withers may also occur.
If the horse is visiting, then clamp for her should be easy (up to 3 - 4 kg), and if the animal is a heavy animal, then the weight of the yoke should reach 8 - 10 kg. Nurse need to pick up at the withers. If the withers are low, then the saddle should be appropriate, lying down, but if the withers are high, then the saddle should be taken humpbacked.
This device together with the cinch are needed to fix the clamp, arcs and shafts. In this case, you also need to use the underbelly and the furrow, which are made from rawhide belts.
The arc is used when harnessing a horse in a shallow-arc method.The weight of this device depends on the purpose of the horse.
Chip-arc harness
Before harnessing a horse in this way, it is imperative to check the wagon or sleigh.
Also subject to careful inspection of the pushes on the yoke. Their length needs to be adjusted so that when harnesting an animal with a sponge, it is possible to pull off the clamp pliers and attach an arc to the shafts. Next, you need to wear a bridle on the horse, fasten the strap on his chin, and insert a bit into his mouth.
If you harnessed a horse in the cold in winter, then the bits should first be warmed with a warm palm, and only then inserted into the horse’s mouth. After the animal, you must wear a saddle, and it should be moved in the direction of growth of hair from withers to back.
After that, you need to fasten the cinch to the gorge of the nurses. The clamp must be worn with the tongs up on the head. It is necessary to turn the clamp with tongs down only after the head has completely passed through the hole of the clamp.
Be sure to do it in the direction of mane growth. Then you should straighten the stitching and get the tail and mane from under the stitching and yoke.
After performing all these actions in one hand, you should take the bridle halter, and in the other - the reins, arc, underbelly, and watchwalk, and so bring the horse out of the stable.
Before you harness the animal, you should put the abdominal and the saddle on the left shaft so that the interval between them and the end of the shaft is approximately 40-50 cm. After that you need to put the shaft on the left tug of the yoke. A loop should be formed into which the arc branch should be threaded, and the arc itself should be transferred through the horse's neck.
you need to raise the right shaft from the ground, attach it to the right branch of the arc and clasp the end of the arc through the shaft from above with a tug. The distance between the arc and the ends of the shaft should be the same.
It is necessary to wind the supone twice around the clamp pliers and tighten it so that the pliers come together. If necessary, in order to pull off the sponge, you can rest your foot on the right pincer, and tighten the sponge by hand and body.
Then follow the supon one more time, and its free end must be pushed between the tongs and the supony and stretched under the supone. It is necessary to stretch the supone so that a small loop remains. Then you need to stretch the end of supony in the opposite direction, and wind the remaining end around the loop.
This should be done so that, if necessary, the supone can be dismissed with just one movement.After you tighten the sponge, you need to check whether the arc is holding tightly to the shafts. For verification, you only need to remove the arc by hand, it should not deviate.
If the arc keeps badly, then it needs to be removed and shortened the tugs.
If it is impossible to tighten the tongs, then the tugs need to be added on the contrary. It is important to ensure that the horse’s neck is not tightened by a yoke. The cradle must be threaded through the saddle rings, skip it under the shaft on the right and pull up so that 2-3 fingers can be inserted between the collar and withers, collar and neck.
The end of the bushhouse should be wrapped around the shaft, while you also need to leave a loop for quick dissolution.
The underbelly must be started up through the cinch loops, pulling tight to the shaft to the right.
The occasion must be crossed and thrown over the neck, threading into the arc ring. The occasion can be skipped only on one side where there is no mane.
To do this, stretch it through the bridle strap on the chin and thread the end through the arc ring, wrapping it around the arc or directly tying it to the right shaft.
Bridging should not create obstacles for head movements.
Pull the reins on top of the tussocks on both sides of the neck and fasten them to the extender rings.
Postfrom-breathing harness
This kind of harness is doubles. It is used in the case of the use of horses in the household for the movement of carts or tools that have a drawbar.
Before you harness animals, need to align bibs, linings and liners. Then the horses need to wear bridles and clamps. After the animals need to place on the right and left of the tongue, depending on their position in the harness. Then on the end of the drawbar or front swath, you need to put on a crib and fasten it in the chest ring.
It is the lugs that distribute the stress of the rims and fix the clamp. They need to be fixed to the punch and the lobe of the yoke.
The hedges should be fixed on the roll, and the first one should be fixed to the inner and then to the outer hem. After that, you can wear the reins.
To unharness animals need in the reverse order of action, and very carefully, so as not to harm the animals.
