If the potato has long been called the second bread in Russia, then the third one, by right, can be called tomatoes.
It is difficult to meet today the hostess, who would not remember a couple of her recipes not only canning, but also the cultivation of this vegetable.
Moreover, no garden plot can be deprived of these tasty, fleshy, sunny representatives of the nightshade family.
Open ground has a number of its advantages.
First, it saves: sunlight, rainwater, airing - for free.
Secondly, the work on the air man brings pleasure.
The main thing - to choose the right variety, and then the crop will meet your expectations.
Description of a grade "White filling"
"White filling" for a long time and is widely used as a variety that grows well under the open sky.
This variety can hardly be called exotic, but they are rightly enjoyed success in any garden plot, for they are both tasty and beautiful, and, importantly, are well productive.
This variety was bred by breeders on the territory of Kazakhstan, but, despite this, “Bely poured” is enough frost resistant. This variety can be called universalbecause it is good in canned or fermented form, so raw.
Externally, it is a determinant plant that does not exceed a height of 55-60 cm. Short stature makes the bush unpretentious, since it is not necessary to tie up or create supports for it. Also in the care does not need to remove the side stems that do not bear fruit.
Agronomists classify a variety as early ripe, sometimes it is even called ultra-fast.
On average, it takes 100 days from the first shoots to harvest. And if the seedlings are grown first in the greenhouse, and then planted in open ground, then harvest will be possible in 85-90 days. Yes, and with the very yield of this variety will not be problems, because 3 kilograms from one medium bush with the right care you are guaranteed.
This variety was named for the similarity of the appearance of the fruit with the same apple fruit. At the beginning of ripening, they are white, or rather creamy-dairy-looking, very similar in appearance to ripe apples.
Ripe tomatoes "White filling" bright red, rounded, less flat-round. The surface of the skin of tomatoes is smooth, slightly ribbed only in the region of the stem.The fruits are partly medium large and large, the weight of which ranges from 80 to 130 grams.
This variety is very well preserved in the form of torn, a little crack, which is important when canning. It should be noted that tomatoes ripen almost simultaneously, blushing together on the garden bed.
Diseases and pests can affect both the fruits themselves and the bushes. Late blight, white rot, slugs - this is the small list of ailments with which tomatoes can suffer. But with these problems can easily handle folk remedies that are familiar to any hostess. Moreover, when plants are planted together, many plants help each other to withstand many pests and diseases.
Merits:
- frost resistance
- unpretentious care
- early maturity
- good yields
Disadvantages:
- may be affected by diseases
Quality seedlings is the key to a decent harvest. It is necessary to plant seeds approximately 2, № - 3 months before planting. During this time, it turns into a strong bush with a height of 20-25 cm with 5-7 leaves. If the seedlings have outgrown, they are unlikely to be able to settle down and give a harvest.
For planting seeds use a special soil.Usually it is sod land, sawdust and peat in a ratio of 1: 0.5: 7.
As fertilizer, you can use mineral fertilizers. If possible, you should prepare the soil for seedlings in advance. Then use humus, peat and river sand in the ratio of 3: 7: 1. This mixture is exposed to frost so that it is frozen, and in the spring it is added to the containers for growing seedlings.
It should be especially noted that it is impossible to plant seeds too thickly and too early. Here the proverb is pertinent: better is less, yes is better. Each bush should feel comfortable surrounded by their relatives and have their own territory. Then the quality of your seedlings will be good, which will directly affect the quality of the tomatoes.
It is also important that a good lamp lighting for 14-16 hours, but not necessarily around the clock. The optimum temperature for growing seedlings before picking is 20–25 ° C on sunny days and 18–20 ° C on overcast days.
After picking, the temperature is maintained at 20–22 ° C for a week. For irrigation, as a rule, warm water is used. Gradually, the water should reach room temperature. It helps to better acclimatize the plants.
If you plan to drift seedlings in 10-15 days, then it's time to temper the seedlings. This procedure includes the reduction of watering, accustoming seedlings to the sun. To seedlings did not die, you need to process it Bordeaux liquid (1%) and fertilize with potassium salt to prepare for the deterioration of environmental conditions. It also makes sense to add phosphorus and nitrogen (1 liter of water and 4 g of superphosphate 7 g of potassium salt or potassium sulfate per liter of water).
To plant tomatoes directly in open ground should be in early spring, when there is no frost and the earth is warm.
When planting seedlings should be properly dig the holes, loosen the ground in them, so that the plant is stuck faster. After all, the deeper the roots grow, the better the plant adapts and will take moisture from the ground. In addition, less watering is required, and the likelihood of tomato rot is reduced precisely through strong drying out of the soil.
3-5 shrubs of seedlings are planted in the hole, having previously added a few handfuls of humus to the hole and watered it abundantly. Next, the plants should be gently rammed into the ground so that they will not be broken by an occasional gust of wind.To do this, some housewives plant very low, putting them almost in a horizontal position in the hole and leaving room for watering. This will also protect the fragile, still fragile bushes from the harsh natural environment.
In order to reduce the loss of moisture and protect the roots from overheating, you can top the earth around the transplanted seedlings mulch fine straw, sawdust, leaves. It will also be a kind of breeding ground for earthworms, which crush the ground near the roots of the seedlings, but the roots themselves do not hurt.
Further, when the plants grow, they should tie up stakesheight of 1-1.3 meters. If the tomatoes are tied up, then the stepchildren can not be torn off, and so there will be enough space for further growth and development until the ovary and fruits appear.
Tied up plants not only look more aesthetically pleasing, but also take care of them more easily: notice and pull weeds in time, water or fertilize them, and, importantly, harvest. In addition, you will be able to save the crop from powdery mildew, which affects those fruits that are on the ground.
Fertilizing tomatoes with such a planting is not necessary, since all the fertilizers were added during the preparation of the holes themselves.
To increase the yield of tomatoes should be stepson - remove the side shoots that grow from the leaf axil. The first removal is carried out when their length is 5-7 cm. Subsequently, the pinching must be done as needed and depending on the grade of tomato.
If the tomatoes are tall, they should be removed and the point of growth, so that the power of the plant was not in the stem, but in the fruit. To make tomatoes ripen faster, you also need stop watering , at the end of July to break off a new ovary in the form of flowers and buds, which only prevent the fruits from pouring.
If the air temperature is very high, then plants, as far as possible, can be applied by hanging the white cloth over the seedlings. Sometimes tall crops such as corn or sunflower are planted nearby for this purpose.
Sort "Pink souvenir"
This variety has shown itself well in the areas of gardeners who want to get the maximum yield in a small area. This is an early ripe variety that starts fruiting about 70-80 days after planting. This variety is salad dressing.
Plants determinant, low (50 - 65 cm). The leaves are medium, light green color.The first inflorescence is laid over 6-7 leaf, the next - after 1-2 sheets. In the brush of the plant 5-7 fruits. The fruit is round, smooth, dense. Mass of tomatoes about 70-80 g. Yield averages 8 kg per square meter.
This variety is safely experiencing temperature extremes, which increases its endurance. Very good for making salads and canning. It has a special taste during fermentation, since during fermentation the tomato remains intact and does not burst.
Merits:
- high yield
- endurance to adverse conditions
Deficiencies not found.
The second half of March is the best time for sowing seeds of the Pink Souvenir variety. With the onset of June, the seedlings can already be planted in the open ground. Planting should be according to the scheme 50x40 cm. Planting and caring for seedlings are performed according to the standard scheme.
Care of this variety does not have any deviations from the usual procedures.
Variety "Tiger"
Medium early variety, well acclimatized in open land. The height of the bush reaches 80 - 100 cm, yield 3 - 5 kg per square meter.
Tiger variety of tomato called for an unusual color - the fruit is red with yellow stripes.
Tomatoes are medium in size, smooth, round, with a pleasant taste.
The first fruits appear in 105 - 110 days after the seedlings have risen.
Fruits ripen together, almost 1-1.5 weeks.
These tomatoes are suitable for salads, as well as in the manufacture of seasonings and ketchup.
Merits:
- the appearance and taste of the fruit
- high yield
- wide range of use
disadvantages:
- needs a garter that can be a time consuming process
Bookmark seedlings produced in late February - early March. Replanting seedlings in the garden can begin with the beginning of June. The landing pattern is normal (40x50 cm).
Shrubs required need to tie up and stepchild, as this variety belongs to high-yielding.
Variety "Clear"
This variety is good for planting in open ground.
Is a hybrid.
Small bush, determinant, grows to 1, "- 1.5 m.
Tomatoes are red, flat-rounded in shape, sweet in taste, weigh up to 150 g on average. This is a late-ripening variety, but very multifaceted.
As a hybrid, it is resistant to diseases.
The fruit contains a large amount of the antioxidant lycopene, which increases the usefulness of this variety.
Merits:
- disease resistance
- high fruit utility
Deficiencies not identified.
Seedlings should not be planted too thickly, so the optimal scheme will be planting 40x60 cm - 50 cm. Such a wide arrangement of bushes will favorably affect future fruits.
Bushes need a garter.
Grade "Royal de Barao"
This variety belongs to the indeterminate type, whose height reaches three meters and above, on the stem and shoots many leaves.
Ripens in 120 -130 days. The fruits are oval in shape, large, suitable for consumption as fresh, and for canning.
The positive feature of this variety is that it slightly affected by late blight, adapted to the cold and unpretentious to the sunlight.
Fruits of pink color, in weight reach 120 - 150 g. High yield - about 10 kg of fruits can be removed from one bush. Well maintains transportation. Long does not spoil after removal from the bushes. Shrubs bear fruit until frost. Resistant to late blight.
Merits:
- fruits can be widely used
- high quality tomatoes
- long period of fruiting
- resistance to phytophthora
Defects not detected
Mid-March is the time to lay the seeds. Seedlings of this variety is best grown in cassettes. In mid-May, seedlings can be dripped.
It is extremely important not to overdo it with watering plants. Mulching and garter binding.
Despite the complexity of growing different crops on the site, you can heartily rejoice at the results of your labors.
It is difficult to call the work of the gardener easy, but it fades before what crop you will harvest and how to stock up on delicious fragrant tomatoes for the whole winter.
