How to dry mushrooms: in the sun, in the oven, microwave and electric dryer

According to the season, you have the opportunity to collect a large number of mushrooms, but this product is stored very little in fresh form, so you need to either preserve it or dry it. Today we will discuss the second option, and also tell you about the basic drying options and how to store dried mushrooms.

What mushrooms are suitable for drying

Before you understand all the intricacies of drying, you should initially talk about which mushrooms can be dried.

It is the tubular mushrooms that should be dried, since, unlike the lamellar ones, they do not acquire bitterness in the process of drying.

The best types for drying:

• white;
• boletus;
• brownberry;
• Mohovik;
• boletus

All these types in the process of drying do not lose their taste and do not acquire bitterness, so they can be used to prepare any dishes. If you are not afraid of bitterness or know ways how to cope with it, then you can dry chanterelles, mushrooms, champignons and pottery.

The list of suitable species does not get very small, such as mice-mice. The thing is that in the process of drying the raw materials lose up to 90% of their mass. And if the raw material already weighs less than 20-30 g, then practically nothing will be left of it - it is better to preserve such species.

Mushroom preparation

Before you begin to dry, the collected mushrooms must be prepared.

We make a small digression and talk about the required quality of raw materials. The fact is that if you have picked up old or rotten mushrooms, then they are best cut and immediately put on cooking, rather than trying to dry. Only young mushrooms that are of good quality and intact are not suitable for drying. We return to the preparation: immediately after collecting the raw materials, it is necessary to clean the garbage and earth, but in no case wash it. If moisture gets on the product, then it will dry several times longer, and the taste will deteriorate significantly.

Immediately after cleaning, the mushrooms are sorted, removing rotten and pruning damaged ones.

Drying methods

Next, let's talk about how to dry mushrooms at home. Consider all the drying options that do not spoil the taste.

In the open air

The easiest drying option that does not require the use of any technology.

It should be understood that drying is carried out in the summer or at the end of spring - beginning of autumn, so that products can be dried in a relatively short time.

1. Before drying, all the mushrooms are cut into plates. You can separate the leg to dry faster.
2. The plates are strung on the fishing line so that they do not touch each other, otherwise the raw materials will dry out badly at the points of contact and will not be stored. You can also use wooden trays or paper, but in this case, you need a large enough area to unfold the raw material.
3. All prepared mushrooms are placed in a place where they will not get dust and rain. At the same time, the place should be well heated by the sun and well ventilated so that drying takes place faster.
4. After laying out or hanging the products, cover everything with a grid with small cells so that flies do not sit down.

It is worth remembering that the entire product must dry in 1-2 days, otherwise you will dry it out and it will just begin to crumble.

In the oven

Drying mushrooms in the oven differs in that it depends on you in this case more than when drying in fresh air, so you should understand that improvisation in this case can spoil a large amount of raw materials.

The best for drying is suitable oven, in which there is a function of additional blowing, because without it you have to open the door, so that there is at least some air circulation. In the absence of blowing the drying process will slow down significantly.

1. We need to take the iron grates, which are usually used for grilling, put mushrooms on them in one layer and put them in the oven.
2. Set the temperature in the region of 60-70 ° С and, if necessary, slightly open the oven door.
3. Every 15-20 minutes, the grids need to be swapped so that all the mushrooms are equally well dried.

As for the drying time, it is quite difficult to determine.Firstly, each type has a different amount of moisture, secondly, a lot depends on the dimensions of the oven and the size of the pan, thirdly, on the quality of the purge.

Drying is necessary until they decrease several times. At the same time to the touch, they should not be oily, namely, dry.

In the electric dryer

Perhaps the best quality product you get if you dry it in an electric dryer. Of course, the technique will not replace all the delights of natural drying, but you definitely cannot spoil the products in the electric dryer.

1. Raw materials are cleaned and cut into thin plates. Choose your own thickness, but take into account the fact that if the product is small, then cutting it into too thin slices does not make sense.
2. Everything is laid out in one layer on each tier of the dryer, the temperature is set at 55 ° C.
3. We wait from 2 to 6 hours until our mushrooms are completely dried.

This time variation is due to the fact that the thickness of the sliced ​​plates directly affects the drying time. For this reason, time has to be determined by eye, periodically checking readiness.

As a rule, absolutely all mushrooms can be dried in such a way — both tubular (white mushrooms) and lamellar ones, especially in such home conditions that do not allow to dry products in the open air.

In the microwave

Consider also the option of how to dry the mushrooms in the microwave.

It cannot be said that this is an optimal drying technique, however, in the absence of other options, it can also be used for our purposes.

1. We clean and cut raw materials.
2. Take a plate or baking tray that is suitable for a microwave. Ideally, of course, you should use a grate, but in the absence of one, you can take any non-metallic dishes.
3. We put everything in a thin layer, set 100-180 W, and dry it for about 20 minutes.
4. After the specified time, the microwave should be opened for 15 minutes to get all the moisture out. Then close and repeat again.
5. The optimal number of repetitions is 2-3 times, however, if the mushrooms are cut into thick plates, then it can be increased up to 4-5 times.

It is worth remembering that at the exit you can get both a finished product and a kind of semi-finished product, which you will still need to dry out on the street. It all depends on the size and wateriness of the fungus.

How to determine readiness

The readiness to determine is very difficult, therefore in this case only practice and experience are important.

In general, the dry product should bend well, slightly spring. At the same time to the touch, it must be completely dry, wrinkled. The color should resemble a dry apple, give a dark golden color.

It is best to take dry mushrooms from friends or on the market and try them, and then, based on experience, try your product during the cooking process. Of course, this option can not be called ideal, but it is worth understanding that there are a large number of species, so each of them will differ not only in size, but also in color, taste. For this reason, it is impossible to describe a perfectly dry product.

How to store at home

Next, we discuss how to store dried mushrooms at home.

First, you need to store products in cardboard boxes or in bags of cotton or paper. Secondly, it should not be stored with any other products that have a strong odor, because the mushrooms begin to absorb it. Thirdly, it is important to observe low humidity so that products do not become covered with mold (no more than 70%).

Do not forget that these products need to be regularly sorted out in time to remove rotted or moldy.

How many are stored

In conclusion, let's talk about the shelf life of dried mushrooms.

If you listened to our advice and did everything correctly, then the products will be stored for at least 36 months, after which it is advisable to replace it with fresh one. Even if the mushrooms do not spoil, then in taste they will resemble paper rather than something edible.

Now you know how to properly preserve mushrooms, so that during a shortage of fresh produce you can cook a delicious soup or make a salad of soaked dry mushrooms.Follow our advice to best prepare the raw materials for further storage.