Tomato "Cosmonaut Volkov" bred I.N. Maslov - an engineer in space technology, who, having completed his main activity, began to get involved in the cultivation of tomatoes. Maslov's method allowed to collect about 70 kg of tomatoes from one bush.
- Characteristics and distinctive features of the variety
- Description of the bushes
- Fruit Description
- Advantages and disadvantages
- Pros:
- Minuses:
- Self-growing seedlings
- Planting dates
- Capacity and soil
- Seed preparation
- Sowing seeds: the pattern and depth
- Sprouting conditions
- Care of seedlings
- Hardening seedlings
- Planting seedlings on a permanent place
- Terms of transplantation
- Optimal scheme
- Features of care and cultivation agrotechnics
- Watering, weeding and loosening
- Masking
- Garter
- Preventive treatment
- Feedings
Characteristics and distinctive features of the variety
Tomato "Cosmonaut Volkov" has a unique characteristic and amazing properties. We provide to your attention a detailed description of a unique variety of tomatoes.
Description of the bushes
Tomato bush is indeterminate (it has unlimited growth, it can grow quite high in good weather). The bush is powerful, up to 2 m high, so it should be cut if necessary.
Fruit Description
The fruits of this variety of tomatoes have the following characteristics:
- rounded flattened shape;
- ribbed around the stem;
- color: interlacing of lemon, orange and red colors;
- fleshy, have a sweet taste;
- weight: 200-400 g (with proper care reach 600 g).
Advantages and disadvantages
Each tomato variety has its advantages and disadvantages, depending on the type and methods of operation. Let's look at all the pros and cons of Cosmonaut Volkov tomatoes.
Pros:
- average yield per bush is 4-6 kg;
- excellent fruit taste (fragrant, sweet, with a slight sourness);
- the fruits are resistant to diseases;
- medium early ripening of fruits (120-125 days);
- large tomatoes (one fruit weighs 300-400 g);
- can grow in a greenhouse (in warm regions it is planted in open ground);
- bush unpretentious to the composition of the soil;
- the growing season (growth and development) is about 135 days;
- up to 8 tomatoes are placed on each inflorescence;
- Tomato is versatile to use, suitable for preservation, pasta, tomato juice, salads, and also tasty fresh.
Minuses:
- Tomatoes must be tied up (due to large fruits, the stems break);
- the bush requires pinching (to stop growth);
- growing in a greenhouse requires additional light;
- short rows of storage of ripe tomatoes.
Self-growing seedlings
The variety of tomatoes "Cosmonaut Volkov" is perfect for growing seedlings.
Planting dates
Tomato seedlings need to be planted in early March or in late February. Landing time depends on the weather and conditions of each individual region. If the weather allows, you can plant seeds before this time.
Capacity and soil
It is advisable to use fertile soil.You can take any kind of container: wooden boxes, plastic pallets, etc. The main thing is to ensure proper drainage, water should not stagnate in the container.
Seed preparation
Before planting, soak tomato seeds in a solution of potassium permanganate for one to two hours. This procedure will protect the plant from fungal diseases, for example, "black leg". For friendly and timely shoots, gardeners often treat seeds with growth stimulants.
Sowing seeds: the pattern and depth
Planting seeds in transplanting tanks is carried out according to the 2x2 cm scheme. At the same time, the planting depth of seeds should be 1.5-2 cm. Sprinkle seeds that have been planted need to be sprinkled with earth, moistened, and then covered with foil.
Sprouting conditions
For quick and friendly germination planted seeds covered with foil. The box with the future seedlings must be placed in a bright place, but so that the sun's rays do not directly fall on it. It is not necessary to water much, only moderate watering to refresh the soil.Subject to all rules, the first shoots should appear 5-6 days after planting the seeds. The main thing - to properly handle the seeds and comply with the scheme of planting.
Care of seedlings
After the appearance of the first shoots, the film should be removed, and the container with the seedlings should be moved closer to sunlight. Tomato sprouts should be fed (use potash-phosphate fertilizers) and water.
Hardening seedlings
10-14 days before planting in the ground, the seedlings need to be hardened, that is, prepare it for more severe real conditions. For this, the seedlings are transferred to a cooler room, so it becomes accustomed to lowering the temperature, which should not fall below +8 ° C. It is forbidden to harden seedlings in drafts and on places with direct sunlight.
When hardening, seedlings need to be carried out to fresh air, but for no more than 30 minutes. The hardening process should be systematic. Subject to all rules, the plant will be able to tolerate frosts of up to -5 ° C.A couple of days before planting the seedlings in the ground, it must be sprayed with a solution of copper sulphate, adding to it any biological preparations for fungal diseases.
Planting seedlings on a permanent place
Planting seedlings on a permanent place will not bring you much trouble. The plant is not whimsical, therefore, does not require any universal planting schemes.
Terms of transplantation
After 2 months, after the appearance of the first shoots, the seedlings can be planted in a permanent place. If the weather is warm and favorable, the landing can be carried out earlier.
Optimal scheme
Cosmonaut Volkov tomato bushes grow tall and powerful, so their placement should be two bushes per square meter. m
Features of care and cultivation agrotechnics
To get a good harvest, tomatoes need to be well looked after. Monitor the condition of the bushes, and as necessary, perform the following steps.
Watering, weeding and loosening
Watering the bush is rare, but abundant (especially watering is important before flowering and before the ripening of tomatoes), the dose of water increases at the moment when the ovaries are already formed.After watering the land should be loosened. Also, loosening is carried out as needed, but not less than 1 time in 2 months. Around the bush you need to regularly clean weeds.
Masking
Pasony - removal of excess shoots that are in the plant's sinus, between the stem and leaves. Different bushes stepson differently. Tomato "Cosmonaut Volkov" is an indeterminate plant, therefore it stepson by cutting off shoots 7-8 cm long, while shoots need to be cut off, leaving about 1-2 cm from the edge of the base, to prevent re-growth of the stepsons. This method removes all stepchildren, the bush does not thicken and the level of yield does not decrease.
Garter
Before the formation of the fruit, each tomato brush is tied up so that the ripe fruit under its weight does not damage the bush.
Preventive treatment
The Cosmonaut Volkov tomato is susceptible to diseases and pests, regardless of whether it grows in a greenhouse or in open ground. Late treatment ensures poor yield of tomatoes. Consider potential diseases and ways to treat a plant:
- tobacco mosaic - forms a mesh on the leaves, and also provokes their twisting (with this disease, the affected branches of the plant are to be removed, and the cut points must be treated with potassium permanganate);
- brown spotting - occurs when the temperature is poor and the watering is inadequate, respectively, for treatment, it is necessary to adjust the irrigation process and adjust the temperature condition;
- Also, insects such as the greenhouse whitefly (when growing tomatoes in a greenhouse), slugs, spider mites (when growing tomatoes in open ground) can attack tomato bushes. In the fight against the greenhouse whitefly, the Confidor solution will help (1 ml of solution per 10 l of water); the soap solution will remove the spider mites (just wipe the affected areas of the bush with it); zolirovanie soil removes all slugs from the plant.
Feedings
Fertilizing lay in the ground at the time of planting tomatoes, and after the plant fertilized every 10 days. Before feeding the bush is watered, it promotes the even distribution of fertilizer in the ground. Integrated (phosphate and potash) fertilizers are suitable for top dressing, their nutrients contribute to better growth of tomatoes.
