At first glance, the process of growing onions is not difficult and can not have any intricacies, but this is not the case, since the majority of gardeners face a lot of problems, the solution of which can be simply following the recommendations of experienced specialists. Among the main problems noted excessive formation of arrows of the plant, which reduces the likelihood of large and dense onions. Moreover, it provokes the emergence of a number of diseases, because of which the onions often die at all.
- The rules of planting onions, how to choose a quality planting material
- Preparation of onions for planting
- Warming onions before planting
- Soaking of planting material in saline
- Soak the onion in potassium permanganate
- Features of tillage before planting onions
In order to minimize such problems, it is necessary first of all to choose the right period for planting and, of course, to make a competent preliminary treatment. High-quality disinfection provides complete protection of the plant against all sorts of diseases, infections,and also gives the chance to receive an acceptable crop guaranteed. This article will help every summer resident to learn how to choose sets and how to soak a bow before planting.
The rules of planting onions, how to choose a quality planting material
When buying planting material, that is, onion sets, for further planting on their own summer cottage, of course, one should take into account the qualities and factors that each summer resident personally considers most important. Regardless of whether planting onions are bought at a specialized point of sale or whether it is independently harvested in advance from last year’s crop, specialized specialists and experienced gardeners to get the desired result and an acceptable crop when choosing seedlings recommend to consider some criteria.
- The first thing to pay attention to taste. Since it is often impossible to check in the store, it is necessary to pay attention to the varieties and their classification - some have a milder taste, others are more juicy and so on.
- Resistance of seed to growing conditions and care.So, if the bulbs depend on temperature and humidity, then the onion growth is low, and the yield is low. It is better not to touch such onions during storage, as this can lead to an active growth of feathers.
- Sevka should have a characteristic smell. It is his presence and the absence of the smell of mold, rot and dampness indicates the condition of the seed.
- In addition to other parameters, a quality onion is distinguished by a characteristic rustling, which means that the onion is dried properly and sufficiently.
- Each bulb of the selected planting material should have a dense structure and a flat surface. On the husk, there should be no spots, traces of diseases, rot, damage and exposure to pests.
- When choosing planting material, it is necessary to clarify its variety, germination time, size of the crop and, if available, the individual characteristics of care and cultivation.
- Low-grade varieties. This group of bulbs differs in a small size, rarely exceeding 10-15 mm. As a rule, such varieties are usually used for planting before winter;
- Middle nesting varieties. The group contains plants whose bulb size is in the range of 15-22 mm;
- Multiple variety varieties. The group with the largest sizes of a plant bulb is from 22 to 40 mm.
Preparation of onions for planting
Undoubtedly, preliminary preparation of the bow for planting can be called one of the most important stages that predetermine the percentage of germination of seed and yield.To date, there are many ways and means of such preparation, but even after many years, the most tested, easy and effective can be called warming and soaking in all sorts of solutions. To get the desired result, it’s enough to know how to prepare onion sets for planting in the spring, that is, how to warm and soak in what bow before planting.
Warming onions before planting
Warming up onions is a certain secret of summer residents, which for a long time remained a mystery to the uninitiated. Due to the large yield, the warm-up method became available to many over time and quickly gained wide popularity. It is already difficult to imagine the right technology for planting onions without preheating it. In cases where seasonal harvesting of your own seed is made and storage has been organized at an appropriate temperature (18-23 ° C), it is not necessary to additionally warm the onion. In other cases, when, for example, sevok bought in a specialty store or on the market, it is strongly recommended to warm up the onion on the eve of a few days. It is best to put the tank with seed around the heating devices, where the air temperature reaches 35-40 ° C.
Soaking of planting material in saline
In order to quickly and simply increase the germination of planting material and its resistance to the effects of diseases, pests and severe conditions, many gardeners recommend pre-soak the onions before planting in salt water.
This processing is almost mandatory. and should be carried out directly on the eve of the landing in open ground (for a day or a day of planting). To prepare the solution should be 20-30 g of salt diluted in two liters of filtered warm water. Planting material is immersed in the resulting solution for 3-4 hours, after which it is removed and gently unfolds in a single layer on fabric or paper.
It is noteworthy that soaking onions before planting in a saline solution can be carried out using both ordinary rock and sea salt, without loss of processing efficiency.
There is also an alternative method of similar preparation of planting material - Processing onion sevka before planting soda. As in the case of saline, the preparation is carried out immediately before planting - the onion is placed in a weak aqueous solution of soda (1.5 tl. For each liter of water) for 1-2 hours and dried, after which it can be reprocessed or transplanted on a prepared plot.
Soak the onion in potassium permanganate
Processing onions with potassium permanganate before planting in spring - Mandatory procedure of disinfection of planting material, which guarantees in advance the protection of the plant against dangerous factors, diseases and pests.
Despite the active development of tools and technologies for treating seedlings and seedlings before planting in open ground, the majority of summer residents still prefer to soak the onions before planting in potassium permanganate. This is not surprising, because such a method is extremely simple and less expensive, while its effectiveness is in no way inferior to expensive disinfectants. However, the result is given only by the correct actions, which is why one should know and understand how to soak onions before planting in potash.
To prepare the solution, 40 grams of potassium permanganate should be diluted in 10 liters of warm water. Onion seedlings, previously placed in stockings (for convenience of subsequent extraction), are immersed in the resulting composition for 2.5-3 hours. It will be quite enough for reliable protection of the plant from various seasonal diseases and pests.
Features of tillage before planting onions
The success of germination and yield of the onion planted is determined in the early stages, so preparation should take into account all factors and characteristics. In view of this, it is necessary to know not only what to treat onion sets before planting, but also how to choose the right place and carry out preliminary soil preparation.
If onion is being prepared for planting in spring, then the soil is not fertilized during this period. This is due to the fact that excess of trace elements accelerates plant growth - the head of the bulb does not have time to grow to large sizes and quickly launches feathers. In the spring, it is enough to loosen the previously prepared garden bed (dug up and fertilized in the fall), destroying the crust formed during the winter period. After that, you can proceed to the landing of planting material.
Plant bulbs desirable with an interval of 8-10 cm, falling asleep them with loose, cleaned earth, the layer of which should not exceed 2-3 cm. In conclusion, it is necessary to pour a bed abundantly. All further care is reduced to regular watering, timely loosening of the soil and removal of weeds.
Processing onions before planting with potassium permanganate and salt makes it possible to guarantee a good harvest in advance. Following simple recommendations on the preliminary preparation of seed before planting in open ground is one of the main secrets of experienced gardeners, giving them an advantage over other gardeners. Having discovered this method for himself, every summer resident will be able to grow crops that will be a reason for pride.