Growth regulators for seedlings (tomatoes, peppers, cucumbers, grapes): description and characteristics

People naturally want the good to be bigger and appear as soon as possible. Summer residents, gardeners, gardeners in this sense are no exception. And with the help of science they found the means to satisfy such desires.

Plant growth stimulants: what are they used for?

The limitations on the speed of ripening of a crop and its quantity, established by nature, have been learned to overcome with the help of growth stimulants for plants (starting with seedlings). But the speed and volume of the usefulness of stimulants is not exhausted. At the same time, problems of improving the tolerance of horticultural and garden crops of unfavorable or unusual climatic situations, as well as their resistance to pests and resistance to diseases, are being solved.

How to get growth regulators

The natural complex of phytohormones in the tissues of any plant regulates the natural process of its development. There is a specific nature of the specificity of the action of each of these substances.Gibberellins are regulators of flowering and fruiting, thanks to auxins, root formation and metabolism are established, and development of buds and shoots are associated with cytokinins. The mentioned hormones were able to be isolated and, having introduced experimentally obtained specific analogs in agricultural technology, to positively answer the question of how to further accelerate the growth of plants. The production of growth stimulants has been established by isolating the necessary elements from natural materials - bacteria, algae, fungi, as well as those of organic origin of peat and coal. At the same time, we managed to create and organize the mass production of synthetic regulators, the effectiveness of which turned out to be no lower than natural ones.

Description and characteristics of the most popular growth stimulants

Further we suggest to get acquainted with the most widely used plant growth stimulants in garden practice.

"Bud"

The name of this drug clearly indicates that it is primarily a stimulant of flowering. Its main components are sodium salts and gibberellic acid, which is the most important element of natural plant phytohormones, on which the flowering and fruiting of plants depend.

During the period of growing plants, the drug is used to process them, as a rule, twice:

• as a plant growth promoter, “Bud” is used even before budding to accelerate flowering;
• Stimulator of fruit formation "Buton" serves when applied after the formation of ovaries, which leads to an increase in the rate of formation of fruits.

For different cultures, a different concentration of the “Bud” working solution is also needed. For processing cucumbers, you will need 10 liters of water to add 10 g of substance, for tomatoes - 15 g. The consumption of prepared liquid for these crops is the same - 4 liters per 100 square meters. m planted garden area.

But there are features in the time of application:

• tomatoes are processed only in the primary stage, when the first three brushes bloom;
• for cucumbers, triple spraying is required: 1) with the appearance of this leaf, 2) at the very beginning of flowering and 3) during the period of rapid flowering.

The main result of using this growth stimulator for these vegetables is the ability to increase their yield by 30-40% (due to an increase in the number of ovaries) and to accelerate ripening by about a week. However, in addition, “Bud” contributes to the improvement of drought resistance and frost resistance of plants, improves their survival rate and has a beneficial effect on the taste and nutritional properties of ripened vegetables.

"Ovary"

The optimal combination of the sodium salts of gibberellic acids with trace elements leads to the effect of accelerating the metabolism of the plant treated with the preparation "Ovary". As an expected consequence, there is not only an acceleration of the process of setting new fruits, but also an increase in the number of ovaries. Moreover, ripening of fruits is intensified in terms and volumes (by 15-30%). All this can be carried out even in unfavorable weather, since the action of this plant growth accelerator also provides for an increase in their resistance to stress.

When the desire to achieve these results is complemented by the desire to increase the resistance of farmed vegetables to late blight, macrosporosis, Septoria and other diseases, then the fruit fruit stimulator “Ovary” is used. Common to all users of the plant growth activator "Ovary" are the features of the application associated with its moderate, as manufacturers warn, danger. In this regard, the stimulator solution is required to be used on the day of its manufacture in case of windless and dry weather. For the benefit of plants, spraying is done only in the morning or in the evening.

The concentration of the same solution and processing features for different cultures already differ:

• an increase in the yield of tomatoes will be facilitated by their triple spraying with the Ovary solution (2 g / l), the signal for which will be the beginning of flowering on the bushes of the first three brushes;
• Peppers are sprayed with the same composition, but twice in different periods - from the beginning of budding and then flowering;
• For the treatment of cucumbers, a less concentrated solution is used (2 g of the preparation is diluted in 1.4 liters of water), and spraying is done first for single flowers, and then at the stage of mass flowering;
• A universal stimulant is also used to process grapes - the only time during flowering, the future carrier of grapes is treated with the same solution as tomatoes with peppers.

"Etamon"

"Etamon" is one of the most recent occurrences in the series of plant rooting stimulants. The plant receives this drug by foliar feeding, which gardeners estimate as more comfortable than watering under the root. The impact of Etamon due to easily assimilable forms of nitrogen and phosphorus leads to transformations of intracellular processes in the root system, which as a result absorbs the nutrients it needs faster and better. This is evidenced by the intensification of the development of the roots and the plant as a whole. For the intended beneficial effect on vegetables, "Etamon" does not care about the openness or closeness of the soil, although it is recommended first of all for greenhouses and greenhouses. But the effectiveness of its influence can increase if the stimulator is made part of a single complex with full mineral fertilizer. The main target destination of this prominent representative of growth stimulants is considered for the seedlings of tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplants and peppers to form a strong root system, which is achieved by spraying these cultures with the preparation.

"Kornevin"

The root growth stimulator "Kornevin" is produced in the form of a toxic powder with a concentration of the active substance (indolylbutyric acid) of 5 g / kg. It is used not only in solution, but also in a dry form. Powder as powder, sprinkle before moving into the soil roots of seedlings or plants. For cuttings make a solution (5-gram package "Kornevina" poured into a five-liter container with water). Before lowering the roots into the solution, they are moistened with water. When "Kornevin" turns out to be directly in the ground, its active substance is converted into a phytohormone heteroauxin, which stimulates the accelerated development of the root mass, promoting the formation of non-functional vegetative cells (callus).Potassium, manganese, molybdenum and phosphorus contained in Kornevine also have an additional beneficial effect on the development of plants.

"Rival"

An excellent growth enhancer for plants, in particular, for vegetable crops and grapes, has proven itself to be Rival, in which active polyethylene glycol (770 g / l), potassium humate (30 g / l) and succinic acid (10 g / l). The holistic effect of the use of "Rival" is to increase the yield by 10-30%, improve its quality characteristics, reduce the cost of fertilizer.

This result is achieved due to the presence of the drug the following properties:

• increase in plant germination energy;
• improved root development;
• stimulation of growth and subsequent development of the plant;
• protecting plants from stress and burns when treated with pesticides;
• increase in plant immunity;
• protection from abnormal weather stress;
• enhancing the effectiveness of fungicides and other plant protection products.

Foliar processing

"Heteroauxin"

Heteroauxin, as also called indolylacetic acid, has proven to be an excellent tool for the growth of plant roots. The effectiveness of its use was so much liked by consumers that even a kind of discussion arose on the topic: “What is better, Kornevin” or “Heteroauxin.” Theoretically, the participants in this dispute remained unconvinced, and in practice, land users successfully use both drugs (especially since they are identical in composition).

"Heteroauxin" is used, in particular, when root damage has been tolerated during plant transplantation. To do this, the soil near it (right under the root) is poured over with a solution (1 tablet of stimulant for 1-3 liters of water). At the same time, we should not forget about the precautions due to the toxicity of the drug. The effect of improving root formation in the application of "Heteroauxin" is achieved by an increase in auxin phytohormone roots.They can, for a significant increase in germination, process the seeds, and to improve survival, young cuttings.

"Energen"

The vitality of plants is greatly enhanced by the natural growth stimulator "Energen". This is expressed in a 20 percent increase in the yield of vegetable crops, in their effectiveness against drought, frost and other natural weather manifestations, in improving survival when transplanting seedlings into the ground, in increasing the concentration of beneficial microelements and vitamins in grown fruits, while reducing the content of nitrates, improving the taste of the products.

The use of "Energen" is carried out in relation to vegetable crops and grapes in several areas:

• soaking seeds in highly diluted solutions;
• spraying seedlings and cuttings;
• watering;
• foliar treatment (in combination with pesticide solutions, as well as with other growth regulators);
• soil fertilizer (open and closed).

Granulated capsules "Energen" easily and almost without sediment soluble in water. When storing the granules do not clump. For watering seedlings, one capsule of Energena is diluted in a liter of cold water. The same solution is used for spraying vegetable plants.

General rules for the use of a plant growth regulator

A significant difference from fertilizers is the lack of additional nutrients in plant growth regulators. Their task is different - to activate the internal life processes, so that the plants could grow faster and produce a larger quantity and a better quality crop.

For the use of stimulants differing in composition and properties, there are, nevertheless, some general conditions:

1. Strictly follow the instructions.
2. Plants are treated in protective suits, gloves and respirators.
3. For mixing solutions use containers not intended for cooking.
4. When working with growth regulators, forget about eating, drinking, and smoking.
5. In case of accidental contact with the skin, immediately wash it off with soap.
6. With an unlikely option of penetration of the stimulant into the esophagus and / or stomach, even before going to the doctor, drink plenty of water and take activated charcoal or another special absorbent.

The main problems with the use of plant growth stimulants are associated with the steady implementation of safety regulations, since the production of solutions (especially from ready-made substances), watering, feeding and spraying are routine procedures for gardeners. But excellent results will be obtained faster than usual.