Beautiful, ruddy or green, very nourishing, sugar texture fruits have long been considered one of the most favorite fruits. Pear brings a feeling of fullness, and its sugar pulp just melts in your mouth. A great number of pear varieties is known, but one of the favorite varieties is the Lada pear variety. Today we will talk about the characteristics of growing this variety, about everything that concerns the care of the Lada variety.
- Characteristics and advantages of Lada
- Landing features
- How to choose seedlings for planting
- When to plant
- How to choose and prepare a place for landing
- Stepwise landing process
- Peculiarities of care
- How to water
- How often to feed
- When and how to do pruning
- When to harvest and how to store crops
- Do I need shelter for the winter
Characteristics and advantages of Lada
One of the main characteristics of the Lada pear is that this variety is one of the earliest. The tree is medium in size, with a pyramidal crown shape. As with all species of early pears, the bark of Lada has a light gray color, and the trunk of a young tree is light brown. Leaf petioles of medium size -1.5-3 cm, the leaf itself is oval, painted in a bright green color with a smooth surface.
Lada flowers in small color, collected in inflorescences of 6-8 pieces.Fruits of Lada pear are small, egg-shaped. The average weight of one fruit is -100-110 g, the skin on the fruit is light yellow in color, with a blush. One of the main advantages of this variety is that the fruits ripen very early - at the beginning of summer, and they can remain on the tree until the temperature drops to 0 °.
The flesh of the pear is granular in texture, with a very pleasant, mild sweet-sour taste and a light, unobtrusive aroma. The fruits contain a large amount of vitamins, they are very nourishing and juicy.
The great advantage is the high winter hardiness of the Lada variety, as well as the fact that the pear almost never has any illnesses.
Landing features
If you want to achieve the highest yields of Lada pears, then you need to start taking care of this from the moment you plant the tree. About all the intricacies of this process, we will continue.
How to choose seedlings for planting
In order for your tree to stick, gardeners recommend using young seedlings that have turned a year or two.If the sapling is already 3 years old, there is a risk that it will not be accepted.
If the seedling's trunk does not bend, or there are mechanical flaws on it, then it is better to refuse such a seedling. Also, when choosing planting material, you should adhere to some criteria that relate to the root system of the seedling: its roots must be well developed and have no (even the slightest) signs of rottenness, damage or diseases.
In a healthy seedling, the roots will be thick and large, at least 20-25 cm long.
When to plant
Lada pears can be planted both in spring and in autumn. There is no unity among gardeners in this matter. Usually, the pear is planted in the fall - this process should be carried out until the end of October.
Growing a Lada pear in the spring suggests that it should be planted before the beginning of May, while the buds have not yet blossomed, so that the plant can take root before the cold weather. Of course, most gardeners recommend planting in the fall: adventitious roots form faster at this time because the soil is more moist.
How to choose and prepare a place for landing
It is better to plant a pear in a well-lit place, on a flat surface: it is better to choose the southern or southeast side of your garden. The place should be actively illuminated for at least 10 hours, however, if you plant a pear under constant direct sunlight, you can only achieve drying, yellowing and twisting of the leaves.
Therefore, in the peak of the sun the tree is better to pritenyat. As for the soil, then the pear is unpretentious, but the best choice for this variety will be black soil, loamy, chestnut and gray forest soils, which have the highest level of moisture. The pear must be hidden from drafts and cold winds.
If in the place where you are going to plant a tree, the soil is clay, the situation can be corrected by diluting the soil with compost or peat. A very important factor in the selection and preparation of the site is the presence of drainage, because the pear does not tolerate a long stagnant water.
Stepwise landing process
Before you start planting, you need to prepare a landing pit with a width of 70-80 cm and a depth of 60 cm, the distance between the seats should be about 1-2 meters.
- Pour humus or compost into the landing pit at the bottom, you can also pour peat.
- In a pit with a mound, collect the ground and drive a peg.
- On the hill you need to carefully place the seedling, straightening the roots in the form of a fan.
- Top sprinkle sapling with soil, but so that the root neck peeking 5-7 cm above the ground level.
- Hold the sapling by the trunk and shake it several times to fill the void between the roots.
- Tamp the ground around the seedling.
- Sapling the trunk to tie a peg.
- Around the place in which you planted a seedling, make a shallow hole, water the plant.
- To mulch the channel with humus or peat.
Peculiarities of care
In order for the tree to delight you with delicious fruits and be healthy, you need to take care of it.Care for the Lada variety is simple and consists of only a few stages, following which you can not only get healthy fruits, but also improve their quality. Now we will analyze these stages.
How to water
The pear does not always have enough water from groundwater or rain. Therefore, sometimes it needs additional watering. If the drought in your area is delayed, then you need to water a pear at the rate of 3 buckets per 1 square meter. In this way, you need to moisten the pear in the most active growth period - at the end of August.
If your pear is still young enough, you need to water it more often than an adult tree. In this case, the plant is watered in a circle, dug out with a shovel, which is then mulched.
In the autumn period pear need strength, and therefore it is moistened before winter. Watering once a week (if the soil is not too wet) will be sufficient.
How often to feed
The opinion that the pear should be fed from the moment of disembarkation is erroneous, because in the first year of life the roots of the Lada are still sufficiently saturated with nutrients.But already from 2, and even from 3 years you need to make fertilizer for pears. Fertilizers for Lada are applied in three stages:
First stage held in the spring. In early spring, during the period of bud swelling, the first part of the fertilizer is applied in order to improve the quality of the future crop. To do this, you can use the following dressing: 90 g of urea need to be dissolved in 7 liters of water and water the tree in a watering circle.
Two times The plant is fed in the summer, and more precisely in the second half of summer. During this period, the plant is fertilized with potassium and phosphorus foliar. If you find any defects of a plant on a tree, it can be fertilized with a solution of manure, a mullein two weeks later than foliar feeding.
In the third and the last time fertilizers are applied in the fall to prepare a pear for wintering.Feed must begin when all the foliage has fallen off. A good feed solution will be: 15 g of potassium chloride and 35 g of superphosphate in the granules must be diluted in 10 liters of water. One portion of such dressing is used for 1 square meter. It is possible to add another 150 g of ash per square meter to the soil.
When and how to do pruning
Pruning, which is aimed at the formation of the correct and beautiful form of the crown, is carried out only the first 4 years. Later, when the tree becomes older, pruning is done to rejuvenate the plant and remove diseased shoots.
Lada pear pruning is recommended in early spring. Pruning branches in order to remove foci of disease and their prevention. Also remove those branches that thicken the crown, not allowing it to grow.
The trimming process itself is carried out with sharp shears, with sharp and quick movements in order to avoid additional damage to the bark and trunk. Sections with a diameter of more than 1.5 cm should be treated with garden pitch or rubbed with crushed coal.
When to harvest and how to store crops
The first pear fruit will bring you already for 2-4 years. Usually the fruit ripens near the end of August and stays on the branch for a long time.Up to 50 kg of healthy and high-quality fruits can be collected from one tree.
It is better to collect the fruits in dry weather. Fruits need to be picked from the branch together with the stalk, sorted and put into wooden or plastic boxes. The harvest is stored not very long, up to 60 days at a temperature of 0 °, so it is better to choose a dry but cool place for storage.
The important point is that the fruits themselves in the boxes is better not to fold too closely to each other to avoid mechanical damage. Periodically it should be checked if there are any pears that have begun to rot, or are “sick”, such fruits should be immediately removed from the box.
In transportation, Lada pears are not very resistant, therefore they should be transported very carefully and carefully.
Do I need shelter for the winter
Pear - quite cold-resistant tree, which in adulthood can withstand temperatures down to -30 ° C. Especially well you need to take care of the young trees before winter; they need shelter.
Up to 4 years old tree for the winter is better to wrap the paper. Young trees will not prevent the shelter of the roots at the very base of the trunk. To do this, carry out mulching of the soil with charcoal in a layer of 15-20 cm.
To protect adult trees, a special garden cover is used, and a pile of snow is piled around the trunk, which will protect the root.
Growing pears - the process is simple, but it is necessary to carry out the care in a comprehensive manner, and then Lada will bestow delicious sugar fruits that will delight you with the first autumn cold.
