Each of us associates summer with different things and objects.
For some, this is the sea, for someone hot urban asphalt, but for someone this is a childhood in the grandmother's village and a lot of delicious berries from the forest and vegetable garden.
But, in each of these three options, we all certainly look forward to the completion of the hot season of the year only so that grapes clustered in the sun appear on the market or on the vine in their own garden.
And especially nice, they are also very elegant and appetizing.
These are the fruits of grapes called "NiZina", which was born thanks to the efforts of an ordinary grape lover of the now very famous Krainov family.
What sort of variety is it and what are its distinctive qualities: the description of the grapes "Nizina"
This grape is not even a variety, but a hybrid form of such two grape varieties as the Talisman (also known as Kesha 1) and Kishmish Radiant.
It is thanks to their interbreeding by non-professional breeder N.V. Krainov that such a wonderful grape as "Nizina" appeared.
It is important to draw your attention to the fact that at the base of the indicated parental forms through the efforts of V.V.Zagorulko produced another equally remarkable variety, which is called "Lily of the Valley."
But, since the authors were different, the varieties also turned out to be radically different from each other, but equally noteworthy.
As for the grapes "Nizina", about which we want to tell in this article, it refers to table forms of grapes, because it has excellent taste and good presentation.
Grape is fairly steadythat allows you to grow it not only in the south of Russia, but also in its middle climatic zone.
Brushes and berries of grapes "Nizina": how to recognize among other varieties
The business card of any grape variety is its brushes, which are fairly large in “Nizina”. On average, their mass indices are equal to 0.6-0.7 kilograms, although some can reach 1.5-3 kilograms.
Features of the appearance of the bunch are in their cylindric conical shape and berries that are placed on a bunch of medium to moderate density. In general, they look very attractive and have excellent product quality.
As for the berries, they are also quite impressive in this grape.On average, their parameters are defined as 3x2.2 centimeters, with indicators of the average weight of one berry in 10-12 grams.
The shape of the berries is especially beautiful, oval. But they are especially brightly distinguished by their red-purple skin color, due to which a weak transparency effect appears in the sunlight.
It is very important to note that the berries begin to be colored much earlier than their taste reaches consumer maturity. So, even 2 weeks before their full maturity, they can already darken and turn purple.
In addition, these berries have a very harmonious and rich taste, which complements the unusually pleasant fleshy and juicy flesh. Big positive can be called the fact that the skin is also completely eaten, although it has a fairly dense structure.
Their sugar accumulation is also at a high level, approximately 17-18%, while the acidity of the pulp is at a level not higher than 8-9 g / l.
Discussing the characteristics of fruiting and ripening grapes "Nizina"
This hybrid form of grapes fructifies at a very high level. In particular, this is facilitated by the characteristics of its bush: it has a very strong growth and a large number of fruitful shoots.
As for the latter, their number in relation to the total number ranges from 60 to 80%.
At the same time, on one shoot, from 1 to 2 clusters can be formed, since the fruit bearing rate of the grapes "Nizin" is equal to 1-1.4.
A positive factor is the stability of the fruiting shrub of this grape variety, as well as its ability to load 30-35 eyes and 22-24 shoots.
With all this, with a single bush, even with not very diligent care, you can collect about 6 kilograms of well-ripened clusters.
Moreover, the bush begins to bear fruit for 2-3 years after planting it in a permanent place.
As for the ripening terms of this grape, according to this criterion "Nizin" is considered average. In particular, the period of the growing season of the bush, that is, the period from the moment of budding until the onset of full maturity of the fruit, lasts from 125-145 days, depending on the region of growth.
Thus, in one region, the harvest can be started from the 20th of August, in others, only in the 10th of September.
Shortly os the most important positive qualities of grapes "Nizina"
- The variety has good ripening periods, allowing it to grow even in different regions of Russia.
- It is characterized by a very strong growth of shoots, as well as the full ripening of the vine.
- Thanks to the bisexual flower, pollination of the bush occurs 100% and the bush bears fruit very stable. Also, thanks to this factor, the berries are not peas.
- Grape clusters are distinguished by high presentation and very good taste of berries.
- Fruits are also able to easily carry even very long transportation.
- Frost resistance is very high. The wood of the Vizina vine is not damaged even at -23ºС.
- Resistance to various diseases of vineyards, including oidium, mildew and gray rot, this grape is at a very high level.
- Despite the sweetness of the berries, the crop of the described grapes is not affected by the wasps.
The disadvantages and difficulties of growing grapes Kraynova
Although the grapes "Nizina" is not particularly fastidious to care, it has some requirements for the characteristics of planting. In particular, it is very important that the bush has a large space for food (that is, it is necessary to plant bushes at a great distance from each other).
Also, a huge amount of potential yield is formed on the bush. Of course, you can leave it all, but then the sizes of the grapes and the berries will be very small. In this regard, the bush requires compulsory regulation. At the same time, not only a certain amount of the crop is removed, but also the shoots.
Also, the resistance of the bush to such a disease as oidium can sharply decrease if the air temperature is very hot for a long period of time. In this regard, professionals advise further spray the vineswhen they are in the phase when the berries are poured.
Dispersed sulfur is perfect for pollination.
Many also find the disadvantage of having 2-3 seeds in the berries. Of course, sometimes this can interfere with the process of enjoying the taste of these berries. But on the other hand, the bones are the seeds for the propagation of vines, which are essential
What you need to know about the features of planting a grape bush: reveal all the secrets
Grape bushes are not particularly whimsical to the conditions of growth and planting, although to know about some little tricks that will help achieve rapid growth and fruiting is still worth it.
But the most important thing is to choose a good place for planting this crop, which would fully satisfy all its needs. In particular, attention should be paid to the following:
- Illumination of the place for the growth of grapes. This factor can be called the most important, since in the shaded places the grapes not only do not grow, but also bear very bad fruit. Thus, choose for the grapes only the southern part of your plot.
- Security from the north winds. The wind is very dangerous for grape inflorescences. They are very fragile, and with a strong wind, especially from the north, they can fly around. This of course does not mean that the bushes need to be planted in absolutely windless places, but you should not leave it without protection. Thus, it is very good to plant grapes on the south side of the house. Thanks to this, you will protect it and make beautiful living decor for your home.
- Soil fertility. Also an important aspect, especially if you want to achieve high yields. The best fruits of the grapes "Nizina" gives only when grown on black soil, although if it is constantly fed on other soils, the result will also be good.
- Groundwater depth. Being too close to the soil surface can cause root decay. Best of all, if they are at a depth of 2.5 meters. In other cases, you need to dig a hole or ditch that will serve as a drainage system.
- Scheme of planting vines. We have already mentioned that the grape "Nizina" requires a lot of space for food. For this reason, between the bushes of this form, it is necessary to make very wide departures, about 3 meters. Between the two rows - about 4 meters.
Choose a way of planting a bush of grapes "Nizina"
Grapes can be propagated in several ways, each of which is effective in its own way. The difference will consist only of your own resources and wishes.
1. Grape seedlings. It is very easy to both acquire and grow yourself. Landing also will not cause any difficulties if you prepare in advance at least theoretically (we will describe it in detail below).
The big plus of this breeding of grapes is that the bush will necessarily have all its varietal properties + this is ideal if the grapes are planted on the plot for the first time.
2. Grafting cuttings.Not less effective way, the great advantage of which is the rapid growth of the new bush and its rapid entry into fruiting. After all, the stock at the time of grafting usually has a good supply of perennial wood and a well-developed root system.
But there is one drawback: if the stock is not a variety of “Nizin”, a new bush may lose some of its qualities and acquire the qualities of a stock (for example, it may have a weak growth force).
3. The use of taps. This method is best if you or your friends already have a Nizina grape bush on the plot. In this case, one of the longest and strongest shoots bends down to the soil and sprinkled on top of it.
With a sufficient amount of moisture, after some time, the shoot will take root and begin full growth, as a separate bush. If you cut the connecting sprout, the new bush can be transplanted as a seedling.
About what time it is worth planting grapes "Nizina"
With regard to the timing of planting, then everything can be very stretched, especially in spring. Great importance in this matter plays a way of landing.
For example, in early spring and in autumn, you can plant "sleeping" seedlings, graft cuttings, or make branches.
In warm springtime, when the weather is already becoming more stable, you can plant green seedlings or plant green shoots. Taps in principle can be done almost all year round.
The only important thing that concerns planting grapes in the fall is the following: time needs to be chosen when all planting materials are already at rest, and no longer have time to start growing before the onset of winter frosts.
In the southern region it may even be the end of March, and in the more northern ones it may be the beginning or middle of October.
Proper planting of grapes with seedlings: features and rules
The most important thing for this method of breeding grapes to properly prepare the pit.
It is important to fill it with such amount of fertilizer so that they can feed the shrub before it enters fruiting. Moreover, the pit should be prepared much earlier than the landing itself takes place, since all its contents should sink to this point. Otherwise, together with fertilizers and soil, the sapling itself will sow, and its neck will be underground. This should not be allowed in any case, for which reason the pit is prepared in another 2-3 weeks (for spring planting of grapes, it can be prepared in the fall).
The depth and width of the pit need to do about 0.8 meters, which will allow you to make a sufficient amount of fertilizer. As the last recommended use fertile soil, a small amount of potassium salt, superphosphates and nitrogen, as well as 2-3 buckets of compost. Having filled up such a mixture in a hole, it is still worth covering it with a layer of non-fertilized soil, which will protect the roots from burns with a large concentration of fertilizers.
The seedling itself is chosen carefully: the roots must have a white color, and the upper cut is green.
Before planting, the root system for some time descends into the water, as well as into the solution of "Humate", which is able to stimulate root formation. Next, the seedling is lowered into the pit to the level of its root collar and gradually filled with soil.
In order for the soil to lie more tightly in the hole and there was no air near the roots, in half of this process you can pour 10 liters of water into the hole. After this, the pit continues to fall asleep, and at the end the grape bush is again watered with plenty of water, which should be about 20 liters.
Near the sapling it is necessary to drive a strong support, which will help to cover it for the winter without damage. The soil around the seedling is necessarily covered with a layer of 3-4 cm of mulch.
Caring for grapes: do not forget about anything?
- Never forget about watering a grape bush. After all, it requires a lot of moisture during the entry into the vegetation phase and during the formation of the future crop. Also, the bush is being added during protracted droughts.
- To keep moisture in the soil longer, the latter must be covered with mulch. To do this, use either moss or darkened sawdust.
- Fruiting bush is important to feed. This will contribute to the growth and maturation of the shoots, as well as the formation of the crop itself. You can use all the same substances that we recommended to lay in the pit during planting.
- Every year in the autumn, the vine must be pruned. It is recommended to shorten each shoot either by 2-4 peepholes, or by 8-10. Also, with the help of trimming you can form the bush itself. It is best for the "Nizina" to choose a multi-arm fan form.
- Adults of the bush of this grape can not hide, but seedlings to protect from frost is necessary.
- Spraying of grape diseases should be carried out regularly.This is done more for prevention, so that later they do not have to deal with them. Sprayed bushes before flowering and during the formation of the crop.
