Tomatoes "Black Moor": characteristics, secrets of successful cultivation

Black varieties of tomatoes were created by scientists by crossing wild-growing and red-fruited tomatoes and selecting the best specimens.

They are attractive by their appearance, because the chocolate color of the tomato is pleasantly amazing. A worthy place among them belongs to the variety "Black Moor".

Description and distinctive features of the variety

Characteristics and description of the variety of tomatoes "Black Moor" should begin with a story. Vladimir Nalishyty together with a group of other co-authors through breeding brought this variety in the Moscow region. and registered it in 2000 in the Registry.

This variety belongs to the semi-determinant, te. stops its growth after the formation of several brushes (usually 10-11), reaching a height of up to 1.5 m.

The bush forms several branches with medium-sized green leaves. A feature of this variety are short internodes (distance between leaves).

Although the variety is called black, in fact, chocolate oval shaped fruit very similar to the variety "De Barao black." The difference between them in the height of the bush - "De Barao black" can grow up to 2 m and belongs to the indeterminant varieties. Fruits grow with brushes, up to 20 pieces on one, ripen about 4 months after the emergence of shoots and reach up to 50 g in weight. The flesh is dense, has a sweet-sour taste, the walls and skin are thick. There are few seeds, two seed chambers. This determines the suitability for consuming tomatoes in fresh and canned form.

Unusual taste and characteristic aroma like lovers of exotic tomatoes.

Advantages and disadvantages

Owners of private farms love to please the eye with such an exotic variety as "Black Moor", but growing it should be explored the advantages and disadvantages.

pros

The undoubted advantages of the variety "Black Moor" are:

• Suitable for breeding in open ground and in greenhouses.
• It tolerates temperature jumps.
• Tomatoes grow brushes, because of what they are convenient to collect.
• One of the most productive varieties, grows up to 20 pieces of fruit on 1 brush.
• The small size and thick walls allow use in conservation.
• Dense pulp creates the conditions for transportation without damage.
• Easy to grow, suitable for the inexperienced summer resident.

Minuses

Despite the obvious advantages of this variety, there are also disadvantages, which mainly boil down to the fact that tomatoes are exposed to pests and diseases. Insect pests of the variety are aphid, Colorado potato beetle, spider mite, bear and others.

Sick tomatoes are spotted, mosaic, verticillus, fusarium, blight.

According to reviews on the forums, some consumers do not like the sour taste that is felt in tomatoes.

Self-growing seedlings

Growing tomatoes "Black Moor" can be carried out independently, getting acquainted with planting dates, soil requirements, planting depth, conducting seed preparation, creating conditions for sprouting seedlings, caring for seedlings and tempering seedlings.

Planting dates

It is best to conduct sowing of seeds at the end of March. If the seeds are planted too early, they may not have enough light to grow, or the low air temperature will not allow the planted seedlings to be planted in open ground, which will lead to long-term germination of seedlings in the room and too large sizes for replanting.

Capacity and soil

Sowing seeds should be in special containers. It can be wooden boxes, peat pots, paper cups, plastic cassettes or glasses, juice bags, cut plastic bottles. The advantage of peat pots and paper cups is that seedlings can later be planted in open ground without removing them from the tank.

Before sowing, the pots must be kept in a warm place for several days at a temperature not lower than +20 ° C and not higher than +25 ° C. In specialized stores you can easily buy ready-made substrate for vegetables.Tomato seeds also grow well in chopped coconut fiber and peat tablets. It is also suitable soil, independently prepared by mixing turf and humus soil in the ratio of 1: 1.

The soil for sowing seeds must be necessarily loose, for which you can add sawdust or peat.

Seed preparation

In order to subsequently the tomatoes did not react to temperature changes, the seeds before planting should be hardened, keeping it for several days in a cold place.

Before planting, seeds are checked for germination, for which they are moistened and placed in a warm place for a week.

Since Black Moorus tomatoes are susceptible to disease, seeds need to be processed before planting. At home, a solution of potassium permanganate (ordinary potassium permanganate) is suitable. After treatment, the seeds should be washed with water.

Sowing seeds: the pattern and depth

Sow "Black Moor" should be at a depth of about 2 cm. Exceeding this depth can cause rotting germinated seeds.

The optimum distance between seeds is up to 2 cm. The density of sowing depends on the percentage of seed germination - the smaller it is, the denser the seeds are planted.Capacity with seedlings can be covered with foil.

Sprouting conditions

In order for seedlings to germinate, the following conditions must be met:

• the soil should not be dense, contaminated or too acidic;
• prevent long-term storage of seeds in a cool room;
• observe the sowing depth;
• seed germination should be at a level not lower than 10%;
• the room should be bright enough;
• after sowing the seeds must be watered, the time of the next watering - 2 days after germination;
• Capacity with seedlings is recommended to cover with a film.

Care of seedlings

About a week after sowing, the Black Moor should give the first shoots. Sometimes seedlings remain on the seedlings, which prevent the germination of leaves. Then these shells must be carefully wet and removed.

If the seeds are planted covered with a film, after emergence it should be removed.

When 2 leaves appear on the seedlings, the seedlings swoop, i.e. they are seated so that there are 5 cm between the shoots. Water is watered once a week.

Hardening seedlings

After germination, seedlings need to be moved to a cool place with good lighting. To prepare the plants for planting in open ground, they are put out every day for a couple of hours, and before they are planted they are kept for 24 hours in the open air and not watered.

Planting seedlings on a permanent place

The correct choice of terms, place and scheme of transplanting seedlings into open soil will allow the plants to easily transfer the procedure and quickly continue to grow.

Terms of transplantation

After a month and a half, you need to plant seedlings directly on the site. At this time, it becomes warm outside and frosts are unlikely.

The soil before planting is watered.

Location selection

The site for tomatoes should be sunny, preferably protected from the wind.

It is believed that the "Black Moor" grows poorly in the place where cabbage and onions had previously grown. The soil at the site intended for tomatoes must be fertilized and dug up in the fall, and watered with warm water before planting.

Optimal scheme

There are several schemes of planting tomatoes "Black Moor":

1. Rows about 60 to 30 cm.
2. Two line tapewhen between pairs of rows leave a wider distance.
3. GnezdovayaWhen 2-3 bushes are planted in 1 hole.

When a two-line ribbon planting bushes in the rows should be placed in a checkerboard pattern.

In the case of using the latter scheme, there is a possibility that the plants will interfere with each other’s normal development.

Features of care and cultivation agrotechnics

In the process of growing "Black Moor" requires not only the standard care - watering, weeding, loosening the soil and fertilizer, but also pasynkovaniya, garters and preventive treatment.

Watering, weeding and loosening

For the normal growth of the bushes of tomatoes they need timely watering. This is best done in the evening when the sun is not so bright and the air is not so hot. Especially carefully it is necessary to water the "Black Moor" from the moment of transplanting to the appearance of fruits on the bushes. Then water as needed approximately 1 time in 7 days.

To weed grass does not interfere with the bushes of tomatoes to grow, the soil should be weeded regularly, removing them. In the reviews on the forums, they sometimes write that in the hot summer weeds are left to create a shadow.However, with this approach, you can reduce the yield due to soil depletion, since the nutrients from it will stretch the weeds.

Tomatoes "Black Moor" are very fond of loose soil, which means that the ground around the bushes should be loosened periodically.

Masking

The shoots that grow between the leaves and stems of the bush "Black Moor" are called stepchildren, and their removal is called stepchildren.

The appearance of the stepsons is fraught with the formation of an excessively thick tomato bush, which means a decrease in the number of fruits and a decrease in their size. Gathering is carried out during the entire time until the tomatoes ripen, leaving two stalks to grow. The easiest way to do this is when the stepson reaches about five centimeters.

Garter

Since the bushes of the Black Moor are quite high, although the fruits are medium, they grow in large numbers, it is necessary to carry out the garter with wooden pegs. This will not only prevent damage, but also give more access to light to the tomatoes and provide them with airing.

Preventive treatment

The place where the Black Moor's tomatoes will be planted is very important, in the spring it will be sanitized, fertilized, dug up and loosened.

As a disinfectant can be used copper sulfate, lime, fungicides.

Tomato bushes are required to spud to avoid the appearance of fungi. You can also carry out preventive spraying with special preparations.

Feedings

A prerequisite for a good harvest is fertilizer. After transplanting, tomatoes are fertilized no more than three times during two months until the fruits appear. After that, it is better to refuse feeding, since harmful substances can accumulate in tomatoes.

It is preferable to periodically change organic fertilizers to mineral ones.

Growing tomatoes variety "Black Moor", you get a good harvest of exotic fruit color, which will please the eye and taste.