Features of cultivation and popular varieties of ampelous fuchsia

Amputel fuchsia with its long stalks dangling from hanging pots gained popularity not so long ago and immediately conquered the hearts of all flower lovers who appreciated its decorative charms and characteristic properties. Several flowerpots with an ampel variety of this plant are able to skillfully decorate a porch, a balcony, a terrace, a veranda or a sufficiently large wall of a house.

Description

Fuchsia (Fuchsia) - perennial plant of the family Cyprus. Due to the numerous variety of ornamental varieties with unusual bright flowers, this tenacious evergreen flower has deservedly taken pride of place among ornamental plants.

Many hybrid forms of fuchsia are known: with straight stems, with pyramidal, sprawling, hanging, climbing, in the form of a bush or tree. Of particular interest in modern design is fuchsia ampelnaya with thin stems, forming a crown in the form of a cascade. The length of bright green oval-shaped leaves with sharp tips is about 5 cm. The variety of colors is striking in its variety: white, red, pink, blue, blue, purple, yellow. The flowers themselves have an unusual shape because of protruding stamens from under the lush petal skirt that comes out of the tubular corolla.

In the modern world, fuchsia used to be known only as a houseplant that blooms all year round. But over time, she increasingly began to appear in the warm season on the street, decorating the exterior of houses and flower beds of gardens. About ten thousand species of this plant are known in the world.

With proper care, it is able to bloom from spring to the very autumn, the peak of its bloom is in April and October. The plant is so unpretentious that it brings pleasure to flower growers.

Varieties for cultivation in pots

Fuchsia from South America and New Zealand. It was from there brought many varieties of this plant. Ampelnaya fuchsia brought recently. Known terry, semi-double and simple varieties, some of which we briefly consider.

• "Holly's beauty"- a flower variety in white and pink tones, with terry petals.
• "Prince of Peace"- a plant that dissolves ordinary flowers with white sepals and red skirt.
• "Blue angel"- plant variety, famous for the chic combination of lilac and violet shades of flowering, faceted by white sepals.
• "Imperial crown"- a plant with elongated scarlet flowers collected in clusters.
• "Bicentennial"- ampelous variety with oblong, rather large double flowers in the form of buds with sepals in bright colors, which eventually turn into orange.

• "Marinka"- ampelous fuchsia, flowers of which are ordinary and monochromatic, but they look great because of their extraordinary brightness and abundance.
• "Santa clara"- variety with double large flowers consisting of cherry skirt and white sepals.
• "Niedersachsen"- a very spectacular fuchsia with large double flowers, in which the sepals are red with a white edging. The popular name of this fuchsia is" ballerina ".
• "Peachy"- ampelous fuchsia with large oblong buds. The flowers of this plant are terry with white sepals with a delicate pink edging.

The following types and varieties of fuchsia can also be placed in pots:

• "Annabel"- the variety is in ampel form, but it can also be grown in the form of a bush; it has rather large, white flowers with a slight pink tinge.
• Three Leaf Fuchsia - bush up to 60 cm, growing horizontally. This variety is conveniently grown in pots. It has ovate green leaves about 8 cm long, with a red-tinged front side and a brown one at the bottom. On the leaves there is a little fluff. Flowers of a three-leafed fuchsia in the form of a bell of red color with an orange shade are collected on several flowers in inflorescence. Great for decorative use with the creation of entire flower arrangements.
• Fuchsia lying - A creeping plant with upward-looking flowers in pink or orange tones. Suitable for flowerpots and flower arrangements.It blooms in the warm period of single flowers.
• Fuchsia bright red - a luxurious plant with scarlet flowers on thin stems. The leaves are oval-shaped on small stalks.
• "Archie owen"- semi-fluffy variety with impressive pink flowers.
• "Bella rosella"- one of the few fuchsias with the largest double flowers in lilac and pink colors.
• "Blue mirage"- A plant that can be either in the ampel form or in the form of a bush. It has amazing rich purple flowers with white sepals.
• "Blue veil"- a plant with beautiful petals in lilac color, bordered by white sepals with verdant tips. It can grow in plain form and in the form of a bush.
• "Cecile"- an unusually beautiful ampelous-bush plant with wavy lavender petals of dense flowers and pink sepals.

In the pots, all ampelous varieties of this plant look simply unsurpassed, they are able to transform even the most modest exterior of the house.

Fuchsia conditions

If ampelous fuchsia to create comfortable conditions for growing and to provide the right care in the home, then it can please others for more than one year.

Lighting and temperature

Ampute fuchsia varieties feel comfortable in partial shade or when illuminated with moderate brightness, do not approve of direct sunlight, do not tolerate drafts and cool air. Direct sunlight affects them depressingly: the plant will not die, but the flowers will become very small, the leaves will thin out considerably, and it will be almost impossible to return the former luxurious look. All these factors must be considered when placing them.

Fuchsia feels much better in a place where she receives sunbathing only in the morning, and from midday to dusk she wants to be in partial shade. Most suitable for the eastern side, as well as the south-west. But it should be noted that with a long stay of this flower in a shady place, the number of flowers noticeably decreases. If he does not have enough light for a long time, then the plant will not bloom or may die. In this case, it must be rearranged to a lighter place, if there is no such possibility, then artificial lighting can help out.

The optimum temperature for growing fuchsia should be approximately +22 ° С during the day and not lower than +15 at night. Very high, as well as low temperatures adversely affect the flowering process. The plant adapts to temperature conditions: when there is a lot of light and heat around, the flowering will not stop (spring, summer, autumn), if it gets cold, the buds no longer appear, the development of flowers slows down (at the end of the autumn period, in winter).

Capacity size and substrate

All parts of fuchsia do not like high temperatures, including its rather tender roots.

In the usual pot the roots can easily overheat. If the plant will overwinter on the windowsill indoors, then under the container you need to make thermal insulation.

Fuchsia is not very demanding on the soil for growing,but it feels more comfortable in fertile, neutrally acidic soil with the possibility of easy access of air, and for this the ground must be porous. There are several options for the combination of the components of the earth mixture, intended for the cultivation of this flower, it is also permissible to use the finished mixture for any plant. Fuchsia substrate can consist of peat, humus, sod and leaf earth, sand, and clay can be used for drainage. Also, the earth mixture is made from peat, sand, perlite and clay.

Planting and reproduction

The processes of planting of ampelous fuchsia, reproduction and care for it have a number of features that must be adhered to. The reproduction of this plant is best carried out in early spring when using cuttings or planting seeds. The first method is much easier.

Seed method

At home, fuchsia is grown in the seed way is extremely rare, except with the aim of experimenting. This process is rather complicated and has many nuances, but one cannot say that it is ineffectual.

Seeds can be purchased at a specialty store. They can also be collected from a home plant, which is a very entertaining process. First, self-pollination must be avoided; for this purpose, it is necessary to tear off the anthers on the flower and place the desired pollen on the stamens.

After that, wrap the bud in gauze fabric and fix it with a thread, in such a state it will stay for less than a month, until a fruit appears. All this time, any movement of the flower is contraindicated. The finished fruit is removed, carefully cut and removed the seeds that need to be dried.

Only after that the seeds are ready for sowing, which is best done in early spring. Fuchsia seeds are laid out on wooden boxes with a mixture of peat and coarse sand on the surface and lightly pressed with fingers.Planting seeds deep into the soil is not recommended: they may not ascend.

The boxes are covered in the form of a small greenhouse with sufficient illumination without hitting the direct rays of the sun, creating the necessary humidity and temperature in the range of 18-22 ° C. Regularly once a day, the greenhouse should be opened for ventilation for several minutes, and also the condensate should be removed and watered with settled water at room temperature with a sprayer. If we approach this process responsibly, then in a maximum of two weeks sprouts will appear.

After the emergence of seedlings, the greenhouse can be left open each time for a longer time, so that the sprouts get accustomed to normal humidity and room temperature more quickly. After young plants grow noticeably and become accustomed to natural conditions, they are transplanted one by one into separate pots, before which plants and fertile fertilized soil are well moistened. Potted plants with young flowers for the first time placed in a shaded place. Further care for such plants is feeding every two weeks after planting, regular fertilization of the soil,placement of the plant with high-quality ambient lighting, systematic watering, cutting in the period of active growth, annual transplanting.

Vegetative reproduction

The best way to reproduce fuchsia is through cuttings that are easy to avoid problems: shoots take root perfectly. This method is more popular and much easier than seed. Its main advantage is a small waste of time with an excellent result. The best period of this breeding is also spring. Young shoots are ideal for cuttings, because the old stiffened ones are taken much longer and grow more slowly.

The length of each cutting is individual and depends largely on the fuchsia variety, it can vary from 8 to 20 cm. Before putting the sprout into the separated or filtered water, it is necessary to tear off the leaves so that no one comes into contact with the water, otherwise they will start to rot and mold , and this will adversely affect the condition of the cutting.

Large leaves on the shoot are also not needed: they take a lot of moisture, necessary for it to form the root. The glass with the sprout should be covered with polyethylene to maintain sufficiently high humidity.If everything is done correctly, the roots on the shoot will be noticeable after a few days, but a couple more weeks it is necessary for the root to become full.

It is possible to transplant a young plant into the soil when the first roots appear, it is not necessary to wait for the formation of the entire root system, but still it’s safer to wait for these few weeks.

Further care for young flowers occurs according to the same rules as for plants obtained with the help of seeds. There is another way of propagation using cuttings - when they are planted directly into the substrate, but at the same time you need to make a kind of greenhouse over them, the way out of which is a bit troublesome for flower growers and dangerous for the germinated plant: it can even die if you do something wrong or hurry.

How to propagate a fuchsia - it's up to everyone individually, the main thing is to assimilate all the simple rules, and it will surely take root and bloom.

Peculiarities of care

Amputel fuchsia deservedly enjoys the love of flower growers not only for its attractive appearance, but also thanks to its unpretentious care in the garden, in flowerpots, in a flower bed or in a pot on a window sill.After all, the growth of amfelia fuchsia can occur both in the shade in the garden and in open space, not protected from the sun, it does not make special demands on the nutritional value of the soil and frequent watering, and you can get as much pleasure from its beauty as no other plant.

Watering and spraying

Rational watering is of great importance when growing fuchsia. How often the plant is watered, how much liquid it needs, is influenced by various factors: weather conditions, the type of flower, its location, developmental stage and even the size of the pot and the material from which it is made.

For irrigation it is recommended to use separated or melt water. It is necessary to water a flower in rather moderate quantities. During active development, the soil should be slightly wet. In the summer of ampelous fuchsia will not prevent spraying pretty cool water. It is better to drain the excess water remaining after irrigation. From the end of autumn it is enough to water the plant no more than once every two weeks. With the arrival of frost, the plant can hardly be watered or it is rarely done.

Pruning

Fuchsia pruning must be done.It contributes to the rejuvenation of the plant and the formation of the crown, interferes with the process of exposing the stems. Pruning is carried out annually in the spring. Shoots are pruned to one third of their length around the entire circumference of the flower in order to create symmetry of the plant.

Fertilizer

Fuchsia fertilizer is necessary for its better development. The fertilized plant is visible from afar: it blooms extraordinarily beautifully and flourishes. These plants usually begin to be fertilized as soon as the first flowers appear, and continue to do this while it actively blooms and develops. Top dressing is made approximately once a week with liquid complex fertilizers for plants in which it is necessary to control the level of nitrogen. In winter, the flower does not need fertilizers.

Transfer

The transplantation process is also very necessary for its formation, because with the new soil all the necessary trace elements and nutrients come to it. Young plants are transplanted once a year, more adults are enough to transplant every three years.

The transshipment method is optimal for transplanting fuchsia: it is gently rolled over,preserving the integrity of the old land with the root system, and add to the free space of the pot a fresh earthen mixture, preventing the formation of emptiness between the root system of the flower and the walls of the pot. After that, the plant must be watered and left to adapt. In no case can not forget about the drainage layer.

Possible diseases and pests

Healthy and properly groomed ampella fuchsia pleases its owners with rich green leaves and gorgeous flowers. As soon as something in the process of leaving goes wrong, it is immediately displayed on the state of the plant: it can get sick or be attacked by pests.

• Spots on the leaves can talk about high humidity. If the leaves begin to turn yellow and dry, then this is most likely a sign of watering above the norm. Watering fuchsias should be moderate, especially in winter.
• The spots that appeared at the bottom of the leaflets are a sign of an infectious disease. Leaves with such spots should be removed, and the plant should be sprayed with Bordeaux liquid.
• The lifeless and dull appearance of the leaves indicates a nutrient deficiency in the substrate. It is necessary to transplant and feed the plant.
• Whitefly can also enjoy fuchsia - a small midge of almost white color, which reproduces quickly, laying eggs on the lower part of the leaf, and withdrawing it becomes a problem. If she is not noticed at the very beginning of appearance and does not start treatment with insecticides, then she will cover the whole flower. And the sticky fluid secreted by it becomes the cause of the fungal disease. Illumination and watering a flower, according to the rules, will help avoid the attack of the whitefly on the plant.
• If a spider's web appears on the underside of the leaflets, the plant is attacked by a spider mite. It is necessary to fight with folk remedies, but if the attempt is unsuccessful, resort to the help of insecticides.

Plants should be regularly monitored, inspected them, adhere to the rules of care and take all measures in time to get rid of problems.

Amppelnaya fuchsia is a plant that is simply impossible not to fall in love, because it does not require a lot of care, but thanks for the comfortable content of the unimaginable beauty of its flowering almost all year round.