What are and how to use phosphate fertilizers

Phosphate fertilizers are nutrients that are indispensable in agronomy, and today we will look at what they are, what types of these compounds exist, and also study their names. Let's try to figure it out. rules of phosphate application on our garden and garden plots.

What it is?

Phosphoric top dressing belong to the group of mineral compounds. This is one of the basic nutrients that increase the quality and yield of plantings. The chemical element "phosphorus" is a component of DNA and RNA and many other components that contribute to the development and fruiting of plant crops. In addition, "phosphorus" is a triad of elements (along with nitrogen and potassium), vital for plant flora. Phosphorites have a beneficial effect on the generative organs of plants. Compared with potassium and nitrogen, which are responsible for the growth and taste properties of plant products, phosphorus exercises continuous control over exchange reactions in the body of plants.Thus, phosphorus is an indispensable source of nutrition for all garden and garden plants.

With a sufficient supply of phosphate rock, growth and development of landings proceed faster. However, some cultures need more phosphorus, others less. But even if the fertilizing was introduced into the soil in an excessive amount, it will not damage the plantings. This is due to the fact that plants absorb phosphate nutrients in exactly the amount they need.

Causes and signs of phosphorus deficiency

To begin, consider The reasons why plants lack phosphorites:

• Heavy clay soil that inhibits fertilizer penetration deep into the ground. Phosphorus concentrates in the surface layer of the soil mixture and turns into heavily digestible substances.
• Ignoring the rules for the use of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers.
• Intensive tillage, leading to poor functioning of soil microflora.
• Inorganic method of soil harrowing.

Knowing the symptoms of phosphorus deficiency, you can quickly rectify the situation, bringing them in proper quantity. The following are common signs of phosphorus starvation:

• the above-ground parts of the landings first acquire a dark green, and then a purple-violet color;
• the appearance of leaf plates changes, the foliage crumbles prematurely;
• on the lower leaves necrotic transformations and dark formations are observed;
• the plant becomes low and puchkovaty;
• the rhizome is formed weakly, the stem "falls out" of the soil.

Types and rules for the application of phosphate fertilizers

In order to choose the right phosphate fertilizers, it is important to know the value of each type and the rules for their use. Therefore, we proceed to consider the classification of phosphorites.

Simple superphosphate

Simple superphosphate - well unsaturated, easily soluble mineral compound in water. The composition of the fertilizer is only 16-20% of phosphorus. Other components of the simple superphosphate are calcium, sulfur and magnesium. Fertilizer is suitable for adding to any type of soil. Simple superphosphate promotes excellent growth of crops such as cereals, legumes, cruciferous. The use of this phosphorus has a beneficial effect on the planting of potatoes, carrots, beets, flax, bulbous, as well as turnips and radishes. The top dressing has a powdery look or the form of granules.

Making options:

• the main part is better to make in the autumn (September) or spring (April) digging, to the depth of soil cultivation;
• when sowing or planting - in the holes, grooves, pits (in May);
• as a top dressing (suitable June, July, August).

Superphosphate enriched

Enriched superphosphate - granulated mineral phosphate dressing. It is a mixture of various calcium phosphate compounds. More than 95% of P2O5 is found in the top-dressing in an assimilable form, and more than 50% is in water-soluble.

The enriched superphosphate is used on all types of soil as the main pre-sowing, sowing fertilizer, and also as a top dressing. Most effective on alkaline and neutral soils.It can be used in the conditions of the protected soil.

Terms of entry. This type of phosphate is usually used in the main application. The use of enriched superphosphate is particularly effective when the combination of primary and pre-sowing. In order to obtain a high-quality and rich harvest of potatoes, sugar beet, corn, flax, grains, vegetables and other crops, it is advisable to combine the addition of superphosphate enriched in the basic fertilizer before sowing with the introduction of a small part of it in the wells and rows when sown.

Double granular superphosphate

Double granulated superphosphate includes a double dose of phosphorus (42-50%). This nutrient is applied to all plant crops, but its specific consumption should be proportionally reduced by half. Usually this element fertilizes fruit trees and shrubs.

Dosages of double granulated superphosphate:

• for young apple trees under 5 years old - 60-75 g per plant;
• for adults 5-10 years old apple trees - 170-220 g;
• for stone fruits (apricot, cherry, plum) - 50-70 g per tree;
• for currants and gooseberries - 35-50 g per shrub;
• for raspberries - 20 g per square. landing meter.

Phosphoric Flour

In the composition of phosphate rock is 20-30% of phosphorus. Top dressing has a difficult formula for plant flora, but this is more advantage than a disadvantage. Due to this fact, phosphate rock works perfectly on acidic soils (peat or podzolic). The acidic environment perfectly converts the phosphorus to a form suitable for plants.

Rules for the use of phosphate rock. Phosphate flour is not diluted in water, it is used only for autumn digging. The effect of using this fertilizer is not immediately noticeable, but only 2-3 years after application.

Precipitate

Precipitate - Another kind of saturated phosphoric feeding. The compound is unable to dissolve in water, but it is not bad divorced in organic acids. Fertilizer is suitable for a variety of soil types. The precipitate is produced in the form of a powder, the color of the compound is light with cream notes.Fertilizer does not have the property of clogging and is perfectly blown away in the air (under the influence of the wind).

The precipitate is the first phosphorus-based fertilizer. Almost half (40%) it consists of phosphorus.

Application Method. The precipitate is an indispensable additive for all types of garden and garden crops. It is added to the basic mixtures conceived feeding. Mix thoroughly and in this form contribute to the territory of the garden.

Benefits of using

Analysis of phosphate fertilizers demonstrated that their use has significant advantage for garden and garden crops. In particular, these are:

• yield increase;
• increasing the resistance of plants to various ailments;
• high shelf life of fruits;
• multiplication and improvement of organoleptic coefficients.

Will consider phosphate benefits on the example of their impact on specific garden and garden crops:

• Grapes. Food phosphate significantly enhances the growth and development of the buds of grape fruit; increases the sugar content of the vine; berries ripen faster.
• Tomatoes . The supply of phosphorus enhances the growth of the root system of tomatoes from early seed development, increases sugar.
• Corn, Wheat. Phosphorites significantly increase the yield and increase the nutritional value.

• Potatoes, legumes. Phosphoric elements increase yield, improve the quality of planting.

By fertilizing their plantings, never forget about phosphorus. By producing regular fertilizer phosphate fertilizers, you will avoid a lot of trouble and grow a rich harvest.