How to transplant and not damage the grapes?

For those engaged in gardening and horticulture, an important issue is the correct transplant of various plants.

If there is just a lot of information about fruit trees and bushes, then the situation with grapes is more complicated.

In this article we will reveal the secrets of this process and tell you how you can reproduce grapes on a plot, that is, transplant it over short distances.

Optimal time

Of course, the first and most important issue in transplanting any plant will be when exactly it will be done: in spring or autumn? Even experienced gardeners can not come to a common opinion, and while some grapes are transplanted only in spring, others prefer to wait until the first frost occurs. It must be said that in the latter case, the logic is really present, because in this period the plant is almost at rest, which means that all the actions taken will not be so traumatic for him.

True, this task can be accomplished with the arrival of the first heat, but only before the bud breaks and the active movement of the juice. Plants aged 5-7 years are allowed to transplant, as older representatives may simply not survive such a change of place of growth.

For transplanting in the spring, the most suitable time will be April 25-28, although for each climatic region the exact dates may differ slightly. In the fall, grapes are transplanted in the second half of November, pre-scalded in a hole in a new place with boiling water.

How to transplant grapes: step by step instructions

Before grape transplantation, determine in advance the most suitable place for its future growth. Considering that this is a perennial plant, it is necessary to carefully select the territory so that in the future you do not have to disturb the vine again.

The best option would be a spacious and sunlit place, surrounded by trees and shrubs, which will protect the plant from gusts of cold wind. For such a hedge ideal gooseberry and currant bushes.

From the tools, you will need a pruner for pruning a vine and a shovel, and manure and mineral compounds are well suited for the role of subsequent fertilizer.

Further implementation of the procedure includes the following actions:

1. Preparation of the planting pit and its filling with a nutrient mixture (the size of the pit should fully comply with the characteristics of the excavated earthy coma, after which it is half filled with a mixture of soil, complex fertilizers of mineral origin and 6-8 kg of humus).
2. Taking grapes from its previous place of growth (digging around the plant in a circular direction, try not to damage the neighboring rhizomes; on average, the allowable radius is about 1 meter).
3. Processing dug grapes rhizomes clay and potassium permanganate (alternately diluted in water), which will protect the roots from rot and drying.
4. Remove excess vine (you need to leave only 2 sleeves).
5. Placement of the rhizomes in a new pit (on a mound of earth and fertilizer) and smoothing out every root.
6. Filling the pit with earth and watering the pit with grapes.

Do not forget to take care of the drainage layer, which can be organized with the help of rubble or broken bricks laid at the bottom of the landing pit. In addition, a plastic pipe can be placed on it, slightly tilting it and moving one end above the ground (10-15 cm).If you decide to move the old grapes, then during the first year after this event you need to remove all the inflorescences from it, and the next - leave only 1/3 of them. Thus, the vine will be able to recover faster after transplanting and please you with a good yield of grapes in the future.

Transplant a short distance

Based on the time at which the grapes are transplanted to a new place (spring or autumn), you can choose the most appropriate way to perform the procedure at a short distance.

Layering

If you need to transplant ripe grapes, it is not necessary to completely dig out the entire bush. For such cases, reproduction is best suited using cuttings, which at the same time will rejuvenate the plant and contribute to its better survival in a new place.

All you need is to choose one or two vines and, having turned them down, prikopat in the ground near the parent bush. It will take quite a bit of time, and each such part will put down its own roots. The branch immediately receives double nutrition: from the main plant and from its own root system.

As soon as the layers are well rooted, they can be separated from the mother bush and, having dug out, can be identified in a designated place where they can settle down well. It must be said that this method is used not only for the purpose of grape transplantation, but also, if necessary, an alternative to the deceased bush or for breeding a new variety (vaccination).

Cuttings

Surely everyone who thinks how to transplant grapes to another place (no matter in spring or autumn) found mention of the possibility of grafting plants.

Of course, this method of vegetative propagation is more suitable for plant breeding on the plot, but if we assume that the mother bush has almost completely dried out and does not produce a crop for a long time, then this option of its “rebirth” is quite acceptable.

To obtain seedlings from cuttings, they begin to be engaged in harvesting in the fall, cutting off individual parts from the mother bush.

There are several rules for performing the specified action:

• cuttings with shoots must be at least 7-10 mm in diameter;
• they cut off all the shoots, leaves and antennae, as well as underexposed tops;
• only four buds remain on the cut part;
• A cut of future planting material should be made at a right angle, just a few centimeters above the top left kidney;
• at the bottom there should be three vertical cuts (length - 3 cm);
• each received cutting is labeled and bundled according to varietal characteristics;
• all beams obtained should be left in water for 24 hours, and after this time, pickle in 5% solution of copper sulphate and dry well;
• All blanks are wrapped in a plastic bag and placed in a cool place (in a cellar or refrigerator) for storage.

Usually, grapes are transplanted in spring in this way, and parts of the mother bush prepared in autumn remain lying until heat arrives. If cutting of planting material was carried out correctly, then the buds left on the cuttings will serve as an excellent basis for their survival in a new place. At the same time, an angular cut of the upper part and lower vertical cuts will allow for optimal exchange processes in the body of the plant.

Soaking the planting material in water and its further processing with the use of copper sulphate create reserves of nutrients that are vital for grapes during hibernation, and covered with plastic will protect the cuttings from frost.

It will be possible to plant parts harvested in the fall in the open ground with the arrival of the first heat, but before that they have to spend some time in small containers (cups) with which they can adapt to the soil and get out of winter dormancy.

Such germination involves the following:

• In the prepared plastic glasses it is necessary to make three holes (in the lower part);
• then pour a two-centimeter layer of soil mixed with leaf humus to the bottom, then cover them with a small layer of clean sand;
• in the center of the filled-up composition, a small depression should be made (about 4 cm) and a cutting should be placed in it, filling it with another 4 cm of soil;
• watering the seedling carefully, it remains only to wait until the roots appear, after which the germinated planting material can be moved to the open ground (not earlier than the average daily temperature will be 0 ° C).

The process of transplanting cuttings to a permanent place of growth has its own characteristics.

For example, such a site should be treated with a solution of urea and slightly moistened with water, and after a two-hour pause, it remains only to carefully land the prepared planting material.

At first glance, this all seems to be a very simple task, but even if you correctly prepare the required number of cuttings, and they winter in shelter, you cannot simply plug them into the ground, because for the survival of the plant in the soil, all the roots should remain intact and safe.

Care rules for better survival

To increase the speed and quality of survival of your displaced grapes, you must first organize a normal mode of irrigation - with the delivery of fluid to the root system. For this, even at the planting stage, it was necessary to take care of good drainage, and it is better to use a plastic pipe, through the upper opening of which the liquid is poured to transport it directly to the roots. This technique also has a good effect on the future yield of the plant, allowing to obtain large fruits.

The frequency of watering the vines after transplantation should be 1 time in 2 weeks, depending on the presence or absence of precipitation. After some time, the number of waterings can be slightly reduced.

As for the grape fertilizer, fertilizing the transplanted plants takes about 2-3 times over the entire summer period, with regular loosening of the soil around the bush (this creates a natural air exchange between the root system and the outside world). Now you know all about when, how and where it is better to transplant grapes on your plot, and by understanding the optimal scheme for placing plants in a vineyard, you can guarantee them good conditions for growth and further development, which, in turn, will provide a bountiful harvest .