Motoblock or mini-tractor can become an indispensable assistant of any small farmer on his land plot. It does not require a lot of fuel, takes up minimal space, is easy to operate, and solves a number of important tasks, one of which is plowing the land.
- Mini, medium or heavy?
- Mini, or light tillers
- Medium tillers
- Heavy tillers
- Preparation of the motor-block
- Installation of soil hooks
- Plow attachment and adjustment
- Plowing a plot
Mini, medium or heavy?
In order for plowing with a plow (tiller) to be effective, it is necessary to choose the right equipment. Choosing a walker, you must take into account, firstly, the area of land that will be processed with its help, and, secondly, the tasks that it must perform.
There are three types of tillers:
- lungs (mini);
- average;
- heavy.
Consider the main advantages and disadvantages of each of them.
Mini, or light tillers
Used to work on small plots of land, they are also called motor-cultivators. Engine power of these devices - up to 4.5 horsepower.
Among the advantages of motor cultivators are:
- lightness (weight does not exceed 40 kg);
- low price (from 6000 UAH.);
- the ability to handle hard to reach places due to the small capture of the cutter.
However, light tillers work for a short time, as they have an insufficiently powerful engine that quickly overheats and does not bury well in the ground due to insufficient weight.
Medium tillers
In contrast to the lungs, they boast the presence of rear-wheel drive and are excellent for working on large areas (up to 0.5 ha). Weight varies from 45 to 65 kg, the cost of such equipment, on average, is 10 000-12 000 UAH. Engine power - 4.5-12 liters. with. Additional equipment can be attached to many models of medium tillers.
Main advantages:
- front headlight and two gears;
- the ability to attach a plow;
- in comparison with heavy equipment of this type, medium tillers are more mobile, it is easier to turn.
Among the weak points of monoblocks of this class, they allocate a depth of processing up to 11 cm, which is insufficient for many cultures.
Heavy tillers
They are suitable for professional cultivation of land in areas with an area of more than 0.5 hectares, since they have engine power from 12 to 30 liters. with. and many super complete functions. The cost of heavy motoblocks is at least 12 000 UAH. The possibility of mounting a potato digger, trailer or plow is one of main advantages power tillers of this type. They break through the soil easily and overpower the site many times faster motor-cultivators.
Heavy tillers have additional options: the ability to control the pneumatic wheel and steering (higher-below), reverse. Noticeable flaws - cumbersome, and therefore a lot of effort must be applied in order to turn the equipment; the need for reinforcement, since at high load the breaker or handlebar knobs may break.
Preparation of the motor-block
Having determined that medium and heavy types of this equipment are suitable for plowing the land with a walk-behind tractor with the use of a mounted plow, we will figure out how to prepare the walk-behind tractor for operation. 
Installation of soil hooks
First, it is necessary to install soil hooks with a diameter of at least 50 cm and a width of 18 cm.Having prepared the inset axles, place the equipment on a surface where it will stand straight. Then, on extended axles instead of wheels with tires, install wheels with hooks for the ground. After installing the hooks, you can proceed to hanging the plow on the walking tractor.
Plow attachment and adjustment
Plows are attached to the walker. couplers, different types of which have their own properties. Therefore, before installing it on a tiller's motoblock, it is necessary to carry out work on fastening it with the hitch. It should be fixed with one pin, while maintaining the backlash in the horizontal plane (5-6 °). Fixing the coupling with two pivots or removing the play, you can get a rigid connection, which is an error.
Next you need attach plow to hitchwithout tightening the fastening nuts up to the stop, in order to start adjusting the plowman. This operation is best done with an assistant. When the attachment is attached, you can proceed to adjusting the plow on the motoblock. Adjusting a plowman is more difficult than attaching it to an aggregate, but this process is very important, because if you erroneously adjust the plow, you will need to put more effort into plowing and it will not be of high quality. In order to adjust the baking powder on the power unit, with the help of stands it is necessary balance the plowing instrument with the plow. To do this, on identical wooden stands, the height of which depends on the desired depth of plowing the earth, we put ground hooks and support leg of the motoblock. This should be done so that the motorblock does not outweigh the side attachments.
The next step is to adjust the bolts, tilt the plow bed in such a way that his heel is parallel to the ground. After that, it is necessary to remove all the supports and adjust the carrier so that the arms are on the same level with the belt of the worker plowing the soil. Thus, the hands do not get tired for a long time while working with the unit.
Final stage - plowing plane level stabilization. The angle between the sharp end of the plow and the earth's surface can be adjusted by moving the bolted connections or by using an adjusting screw. The second method is more convenient and practical. To do this, on the motoblock, standing on a plane together with an attached scoop, it is necessary to unscrew the adjusting screw so that the attachment blade "lies" on the ground. 
Then - unscrew the screw in the opposite direction, so that the "back" of the plow rose by 2.5 seconds. above the ground, no more and no less. If this so-called angle of attack is too large, or vice versa, the walk-behind tractor will not plow as it should.
Plowing a plot
It’s easy to figure out how to plow a walker with a plow. To do this, roll out the device to the place of plowing the earth and along the first row,where the loosening will take place, to pull the cord on which you can orient yourself - the plow pulls to the right, and it is rather difficult to make the first row level without aids.
The handle of the equipment should be turned to the left in order to walk on the plowed land. Before starting the main plowing, it is necessary to make a control plowing of the soil - the passage to the opposite end of the section at a low speed.
This is necessary in order to check whether the tiller is properly adjusted and whether the furrow depth is sufficient (it should be 15-20 cm). We place the right lug in the tilled furrow, turn on the first gear, tilt the device to the right and start moving. Having made the first control passage, we turn the device through 180 ° so that the right wheel of the motor-block is in the opposite direction to the row that has already been plowed, and move in the opposite direction. After the second pass, we estimate the depth of the furrow. If the depth is insufficient or the furrow is too deep, the plow should be adjusted again.
Plowing the land, it is necessary to ensure that right grouser did not go beyond the furrow and the rack of the plowman was perpendicular to the surface of the earth. The crest of each subsequent furrow should not be far from the previous one (the distance between the ridges is up to 10 cm).
It is also important to ensure that the furrow does not fall on the previous furrow by the pile of earth. To do this, the right wheel should move in the middle. If you figure out how to plow the plow on the motor-block, to correctly adjust it, the device should move smoothly, without jerks and traction to the side. 
Over time, when you make sure that the furrows are even, the speed can be increased so that the smooth surface of the earth is even and the plowing itself goes faster.
It is necessary to plow the soil with a motor-block without haste, you cannot push the device. In the event of overheating of the engine, which often happens, plowing must be stopped for a while.
Thus, we found that it is better to use medium and heavy tillers for hanging the plow and plowing the ground with it. The plow is attached to the minitractor with the help of couplers, after which it is necessary to adjust it (depth, handle, level of the plowing plane). Correct adjustment is the key to effective plowing. Plowing the area, it is necessary to monitor the depth of furrows, engine temperature, the position of the wheels of the motoblock.
