How to independently grow ginseng in the country?

The medicinal plant ginseng, the photo of which is presented in this article, is used as a tonic, helps to adapt to physical, chemical, as well as biological types of stress. Preparations from this plant make it possible to recover quickly after active workouts, prolong life and youth. In China and Korea, the root of this plant is used in food.

Culture description

Ginseng - a perennial plant, has 11 species. Most of the varieties of this culture in nature grows in East Asia, and some are found in North America. Tibet is the richest in ginseng, so it was there that the unique healing properties of this plant were noticed.

The ancient Chinese saw in the outlines of the root an external resemblance to a man, therefore this name was born, which in translation from Chinese means “man-root”.

Plant appearance:

• in its upper part there is a large wintering bud, from which the following year develops an escape up to 50 cm high;
• along the entire length of the root are dormant buds, from which shoots are then formed;
• stems are straight, solitary with long foliage;
• inconspicuous flowers, small with a white corolla;
• the fruit of the plant is a bright red juicy drupe, consists of several seeds.

Ginseng blooms in June, and bears fruit in the last month of summer. The culture propagates only by seeds, they germinate two years after planting. In nature, the plant lives in mixed forests of mountain ranges.

Where to plant ginseng

Knowing how to grow ginseng properly in your garden, over time you can get a good harvest of this amazing root. Landing area should have a slope for water flow and protection from strong winds.

It is better if it is positioned so that the plants receive sunlight in the morning and evening hours.Ginseng loves soil fertile, light with good drainage.

The choice of lighting

Ginseng is shade-loving, so creating the right lighting on the site is one of the main conditions for the successful development of the plant. 25% of sunshine is considered sufficient., and you can get this shading using wooden shields.

They are made of rails up to 10 cm wide, the distance between which should be 3 cm. Shields are installed at an angle of over the beds at a height of 2 m with a slope to the south. With age, ginseng needs more light, so you need to carefully monitor that the plant does not stretch out due to lack of light.

Garden trees can be a natural shading, as in the wild, but you only need to control the soil moisture.

Soil requirements

When figuring out how to grow ginseng in the country, it is worth noting that for the growth and development of this plant it is necessary to properly select and prepare the soil. Its composition should be close to natural, so acidity should have a neutral indicator. The main requirements for the soil: the stock of organic matter, friability, moisture and breathability. Gardeners prepare the soil for growing:

• They take in the mixed forest the top layer of soil together with a litter from the fallen earth, in equal parts under deciduous trees and under coniferous.
• Pour this mixture into a compost pit, add fallen leaves, sawdust, egg shells, well rotted mullein, river sand and ash.
• During the season, this mixture is set as compost, turning and pouring to obtain a homogeneous mass.
• Before embedding, the soil is sifted through a sieve to remove the pest larvae and watered with a 0.3% potassium permanganate solution.

For planting seeds, the thickness of the fertile layer should be 20 cm, and for seedlings to a permanent place - 30 cm. Planting of ginseng is made two months after preparation of the bed.

Ways and rules of planting medicinal plants

The most successful period for planting this wonderful plant is the middle of autumn. Preparing ginseng for planting and further care is a long process. The procedure is divided into two stages: sowing seeds to obtain seedlings and planting them in a permanent habitat.

Sowing seeds:

• at a distance of 15 cm, grooves are made, with a depth of 3 cm;
• seeds are laid in the furrows with a gap of 2 cm between them;
• planting mulch sawdust or pine needles.

In freshly harvested seeds, seedlings appear after two years, because for full development they pass a two-year germination period, which is 90%. As a result, the plants are healthy and less prone to disease.

In order for the shoots to appear in the first year, it is necessary to carry out seed stratification at home. After this operation, plantings will appear in four months, but the germination rate is already 70%.

Transplanting:

• before planting, it is desirable to sustain sprouts for 7 minutes in a half-percent solution of potassium permanganate;
• then rinse with clean water and land in the ground;
• observing an interval of 30 cm, the seedlings are planted under an inclination, almost horizontally, deepening the apical bud by 5 cm.

Ginseng will begin to bear fruit at the age of three. Possible spring planting seedlings, it is better to hold in April,but planting material is prepared in the fall and kept buried in the ground.

Care rules

Asking about how to grow good and healthy ginseng at home, you should also follow the rules for caring for this truly unique plant. These rules are very simple:

• air humidity does not exceed 80%, and soil moisture 70%;
• watering is carried out as necessary with the addition of 0.5% potassium permanganate;
• in the first year of the plant's life, weeding is done only manually with obligatory mulching;
• in August, when the fruits ripen, they need sunlight every day in the morning and evening.

Watering and soil care

Watering should be carried out no more than twice a week. The water rate depends on the weather and climate, but not more than 9 liters per square square.

Fertilizer

In the autumn, after harvesting, the beds are covered with 2 cm of biohumus. It saves buds and roots from being damaged by cold and serves as a good nutritional supplement. In the spring and autumn, wood ash is also added, adding 200 g of this fertilizer per square square.

Diseases and pests of ginseng

Wonder root, which grows in the wild, is not subject to any diseases, as it grows in small groups. For the successful cultivation of ginseng beds at home The main role in the fight against pests and diseases is assigned to agricultural technology:

• high-quality soil and well rotted organic matter;
• healthy planting and seed treatment;
• correct drainage of ridges and discharge of excess water;
• the content of ridges in a clean and loose form;
• isolation of landings from vegetable crops.

The plantings of this plant are prone to diseases that affect vegetables. The most common disease is anthracnosis, which arises from prolonged exposure to direct sunlight. At the same time large brown spots are formed on the leaves, with time they dry up. This disease has the peculiarity of switching to other plants, affecting large areas. Prevention - bushes are treated with Bordeaux mixture.

Another of the most dangerous diseases is fusarium, which causes wilting of seedlings.The causative agent is located deep in the soil; it is very difficult to fight this scourge. Ginseng beds should be located away from places where gladioli, cucumbers and other plants grow. To prevent this disease, it is necessary to spray once a month with a half-percent solution of potassium permanganate per liter per two squares of area.

Mature plants suffer from dry rot, they have a wilted appearance, and the root becomes a gray-dirty color. Prevention consists in processing two percent solution of hydrated lime at the rate of a liter per twenty squares of area.

Dangerous pests are wireworms and caps. The main methods of dealing with them - the collection and destruction.

Few of the beneficial properties

Due to the large number of useful properties of the plant is almost a panacea for all diseases. Root properties:

• strengthens the body, being immunomoduliruyuschim;
• It has a positive effect on the nervous system, helps with stress and at the same time suppresses apathy;
• strengthens the heart and blood vessels, regulates blood pressure;
• able to stop the growth of cancer cells, this is proven by medical research;
• this miracle root is useful for men, restoring male power, and for women it serves as a means of restoring hormonal background;
• beneficial effect on memory, brain activity and restores blood well;
• Ginseng preparations have been used in cosmetology for treating skin and hair.

Knowing all the advantages of this miraculous plant, you can try to grow it in your backyard, which will bring only benefit.