Secrets of the successful cultivation of apple trees "Kandil Orlovsky"

Apple lovers highly appreciate the variety Kandil Orlovsky. It has a lot of advantages and can grow in different areas.

In the article we will tell you what the fruit looks like, how to choose the seedling and care for the tree.

Breeding history

The variety can be called young, as it was bred relatively recently. It was the result of large-scale work of scientists of the All-Russian Research Institute for Breeding Fruit Crops. The goal was to create a variety that could be grown in different locations. As a result of the crossing of the seeds of the Welsey and Jonathan varieties, a new variety has turned out - "Kandil Orlovsky". The work was led by Academician E. N. Sedov.State grade tests began in 1997, and in 2002 it was entered into the state register.

Biological features

"Kandil Orlovsky" is quite a popular variety, and the apple tree, a description, photos and reviews to which you will find in this article, is found in almost every summer cottage.

Tree description

The tree has an average height, sometimes it can grow up to 5 m. Dwarf species can grow maximum up to 3 m. The krone has average density, in a form reminds a sphere. The branches depart from the trunk almost at right angles.

The bark of the tree has a brown color, smooth. Apple trees are inherent in the chain-ring type of fruiting. Kolchatka can be complex or simple.

Fruit Description

Fruits of an apple tree] have an average weight of about 120 g, but sometimes there are also giants reaching 170 g. Apples have an oblong-conical shape, slightly sloping and slightly ribbed. The peel is smooth, shines well. Sometimes it may be noticeable a small patina of white color, but over time it becomes oily.

The main color of the fruit is green-yellow, and the cover color is crimson.Blurred blush covered about half of the apple, most of all it is expressed on the side that was turned toward the sun.

The flesh of the fruit is soft, slightly grained, crunchy and has a white color, but closer to the peel is colored in a greenish tint. The fruits have a sweet and sour taste and a pleasant aroma. Tasters appreciated the taste of apples by 4.5 points, and the appearance gathered 4.7 points.

Pollination

Variety "Kandil Orlovsky" has partial self-fertility. The apple tree Kandil Orlovsky will give a rich harvest if in the neighborhood there are pollinators such as Antonovka ordinary, Afrolita, Venyaminovsky, Orlik or Svezhest.

Gestation period

Harvest period falls in mid-September. If the summer was not hot, the period may move to the end of the month.

Yield

"Kandil" refers to the varietal varieties. The yield of a five-year tree can be more than 100 kg, dwarf varieties yield up to 130 kg. The apple tree bears fruit every year and does not have a pronounced periodicity.

The fruits begin to ripen in the 4-5th year, and the dwarf variety produces a crop already in the 3rd season.After 10 years, yields begin to decline slightly.

Transportability and storage

Apples have good transportability. You can store fruit for 4-5 months, and if you create favorable conditions for them, they can last until the end of winter.

Winter hardiness

"Kandil" refers to frost-resistant varieties. The tree is able to withstand temperatures down to -35 ° C. This makes it possible to grow an apple tree in the middle zone.

Disease and Pest Resistance

The main advantage of Candil is the presence of immune resistance to scab. Variety found her thanks to the gene Vf. This allows gardeners to keep garden work to a minimum. However, before the tree begins to bloom, it is recommended to spray insecticides against pests.

Application

The fruits of Candil are rich in high content of vitamin C, therefore they are recommended for fresh consumption. They can also be used as dried fruits and for processing: making juice, cooking compote, jelly, wine, cider, making jam. The high content of pectin allows making apples, jams, jellies and mousse from apples.

Characteristics of the apple tree "Kandil Orlovsky" gives you the opportunity to understand what kind of variety. It has a lot of advantages and is one of the most widely grown.

Rules for buying healthy seedlings

Today, there are a large number of ways to purchase seedlings: market, breeding ground, garden center, Internet.

However, not everywhere you can buy quality planting material. By placing an order on the Internet, you risk getting a sapling, absolutely not similar to the one that was depicted in the photo. The market can also "slip" bad planting material, and you will not be able to check the condition of the roots, which is very important when buying.

It is best to visit a nursery or garden center. The advantage of acquiring a tree in such places is that they will dig up a sapling in front of you, remove unnecessary foliage and process the root system with a special mixture. In addition, you can get useful tips on planting and caring for seedlings. It is very important to carefully examine the roots of the tree.Normally, you should see strong, solid and uniform roots. There should be no damage on them. You can check whether they are dry in this way: make a small scratch on the spine, if white wood appears - the roots are in good condition.

On the root system there should be no rot and moldy spots. The optimum height of the seedling is 1.5 m, the trunk is even, there are about 5 branches, the bark is intact. You should not choose a sapling according to the principle “the more, the better”, since they take on the lot rather heavily. Now you know how to choose apple seedlings.

Planting apple seedlings

Before you begin planting seedlings, it is necessary to study the features of this procedure. We suggest to get acquainted with them.

Optimal timing

The optimal period for planting seedlings is autumn. It is not necessary to postpone this event until the spring, as temperature drops can adversely affect the apple tree and create problems with its further development and yield.

Location selection

The place for planting a tree should be chosen very carefully. We recommend to follow the following tips:

• Choose a place with good lighting.This will reduce the sugar content of fruits and prevent a decrease in yield.

• Stagnant water is bad for the development of seedlings. If it is not possible to plant a tree in a normal area, and you suspect that waterlogging is possible, it is necessary to construct a special drainage. An alternative option is to plant a tree on a hill. If you do not take into account these tips, you risk to face the weak development of the plant and its death.
• Choose a place that grows close to the tree with pollen (ideally also an apple tree). This will help increase yields.
• For planting "Candil Orlovsky" requires moisture-absorbing and breathable soil. Well loamy, sandy sand and black soil. If annual fertilization is ensured, the tree can be planted on sandy soil.

Soil acidity is also important: its level should be pH 5.6-6.0.

Stepwise landing process

The procedure for planting an apple requires compliance with step-by-step instructions. We suggest to get acquainted with it:

1. First of all, it is necessary to prepare pits in advance. Their width should be about 80 cm, depth - 1 m. Preliminary preparation is necessary for the earth to settle a little. Usually this procedure is performed 1 month before disembarkation.
2. If a place with a close groundwater flow is chosen, make a drainage: it is necessary to drill a channel in the pit about 1.5 m and fill it with rubble.
3. Then you need to drive a landing stake into the pit.
4. Be sure to fertilize the land. To do this, you can use top dressing from peat, humus or mineral fertilizers.
5. Then perform a landing directly. Straighten the roots of the tree and slightly sink it into the hole. However, do not dig them too deep: the root neck should be located 7 cm above the soil level.
6. Attach the barrel to the dug peg.
7. It is necessary to dig a hole around the trunk - the trunk hole. It is necessary for the convenience of watering. In the hole, mulch the soil.

If you plan to plant several trees at once, you should stick to a certain scheme.When planting trees in a chaotic manner, the distance between them should be at least 3 m, ideally 5 m. However, it is recommended to plant trees in one row - then the distance can be reduced to 1.5-2 m. The “Single Row” scheme will save the apple from lack nutrition, as their root system will be able to develop in both directions for an unlimited distance. It is also recommended to build a row in such a way that the shadow of the tree is not displayed on the tree near the adjacent plant.

Seasonal care features

In order for the apple tree to give a good harvest, to develop and not be sick, you need to properly care for it.

Watering

Water "Kandil Orlovsky" is recommended once a week. One adult tree requires 2 buckets of water per irrigation. It is better to break the watering: pour one bucket into the hole in the morning, and the second in the evening. It is especially important to pay attention to the irrigation procedure during the hot summer months. Just at this time, "Kandil" begins to bear fruit and buds appear on the branches, forming the harvest for the next year. If the moisture is not enough, it is possible to reduce the yield in the current season, and next year. Stop watering in August.Often the watering mode depends on the weather.

Mulching

Conducting mulching is very important when caring for a tree. A layer of mulch of 5 cm, filled into the hole, will prevent the growth of weeds, and will also retain moisture. In addition, thanks to mulching the soil will be maintained in a loose state, and the sun's rays will be reflected. Zamulchirovannaya soil contributes to the growth of adventitious roots, which has a positive effect on the development of the tree. For mulching procedures, it is recommended to use rotted needles, bark, straw or sawdust.

Fertilization

Fertilizer is recommended in the spring. At the time of planting, organic fertilizers are usually applied (5-15 kg / sq. M). If you want to use mineral fertilizers, urea (500 g) or ammonium nitrate and nitroammophoska will do.

In the autumn period, you can also make fertilizer, but only nitrogen-free.If the plant is planted on rich soil, too often you should not fertilize the land, but in the case of planting on poor soil you should conduct top dressing annually.

Fight against diseases and pests

If "Kandil" attacked pests or diseases, it is imperative to burn damaged foliage and branches. Also worth spraying with insecticides. To prevent the development of diseases and the reproduction of pests, it is recommended:

• with the arrival of spring pruning of dried and diseased branches;
• remove dead bark, lichen and moss from the trunk;
• to carry out an overlay for an apple-tree of trapping belts;
• collect fallen and damaged fruits every day.

The tree has good resistance to diseases and rarely undergoes attacks of fungal diseases. In rare cases, canlil can be attacked by an apple tree beetle, aphid or sawfly.

Pruning

Competently performing pruning, you can adjust the level of yield and sugar content, the size of the fruit, as well as protect the tree from various diseases. We recommend using useful tips:

• Planting an apple tree, you need to cut the branches by one third. This will help to set the crown.

• Pruning should be done every year in early spring, before buds begin to blossom.
• If full pruning is performed, the branches should be cut at the very base.

Pruning should be carried out strictly according to the rules, the only way you can achieve high yields and grow a healthy plant.

Preparing for the winter

With the onset of the stage, the "Zelenushkas" need to cut off half of the harvest, choosing only pledged fruits, the size of which is several centimeters. Such a procedure is called "rationing the harvest." Thanks to it, the fruits will have a large size, they will become sweeter in taste. It will also help the apple tree to prepare for the winter period.

When preparing for winter, it is recommended to wrap the shtamb with the help of covering material or nylon pantyhose. Any material that passes water and air will do.

Despite the fact that "Kandil" refers to frost-resistant varieties, in order to protect the plant from frost, it is necessary to carry out its mulching with horse humus in the area of ​​the hole. "Kandil Orlovsky" - a tasty and unpretentious variety of apples, which, with proper care, gives a great harvest. Thanks to the pleasant taste of the fruits, you can use them fresh and prepare a lot of preparations for the winter.