How to plant and grow Cyclamen cyclamen at home

A variety of exotic plants that come to us from overseas is suitable for home breeding. In particular, this includes the Kosovo cyclamen, one description of which already raises questions about his breeding at home. Let's take a closer look at this amazing representative of the flora and deal with its main growing requirements.

Botanical description

Cyclamen dubbed the herb of the family Mirsinovye, although some scientists attribute it to another family - Primrose.

In the wild, the flower lives in Iran, Northeast Africa and the Mediterranean, but most often it can be found in Turkey.

Certain species used as indoor plants are successfully used in the treatment of sinusitis, but in any case, it is necessary to observe safety measures, as there is a risk of burning the mucous membrane.

This is one of the few plants (reaches a height of 10-15 cm), flowering in the autumn-winter period. Its leaves are up to 15 cm in length and have a heart-shaped form with a dark green color (it can reach an almost silvery shade, which depends on the particular variety).

Also on them you can see a thin silver or white pattern. Leafy plates are located on fleshy petioles.

At home, it is possible to observe the flowering of the Kossky cyclamen from November until March itself, and the flowers that appear appear very elegant: they have pink, red, white colored petals (or two-colored) with brightly colored base. In sunny weather they exude a pleasant, subtle fragrance.

There is a definite pattern in the change in the color of petals, the size of flowers and the shape of the leaves: pale pink petals and buds are more characteristic of plants from Syria and southern Turkey.

If we talk about flowers brought from the eastern part of these countries, they will be larger, and the leaf plates will be much narrower.

In addition, this species is characterized by a tuber with roots growing only from below.

The choice of space in the room

Like any other plant, the Kosovo cyclamen requires a certain amount of attention, and it is important to consider several basic parameters when being kept at home: lighting, temperature, air humidity and soil composition.

Lighting

Despite the fact that the kamen cyclamen is a rather light-loving plant, contact with its leaves in direct sunlight threatens to burn them.

Therefore, window sills from the west or east side of the house are best suited for its placement. In case of emergency it is possible to place the pots with the plant on the southern windows, only in this case they will have to be blocked.

Temperature and humidity

Growing up the Kosovo cyclamen in your home, it is important to provide him with an optimal temperature regime. In winter, the temperature may be reduced to + 11 ... +14 ° C, but in summer it would be better if the temperature readings remain at + 18 ... +25 ° C. The most comfortable values ​​for sufficient plant growth and flowering are + 11 ... +14 ° C.

Prior to the formation of buds, cyclamen should be regularly sprayed, but as soon as they appear, this procedure is stopped, otherwise their rotting is possible. Water can also be added to the pallet, but only if it is filled with peat, expanded clay or pebbles.

Cultivation substrate

The composition of the soil mixture also plays an important role in the successful cultivation of a flower. Therefore, to obtain timely and abundant flowering, it is so important to prepare the correct substrate.

The ideal option would be a mixture of leaf and sod land (in equal proportions) with the addition of crushed lime, crushed lime or old plaster. Also, we should not forget about the drainage, because plants often suffer from even a slight excess of moisture.

Landing at home

Planting cyclamen at home can be done in two ways: by seed and by dividing the tuber. Both processes cannot be called too complex, but to obtain the most optimal result, one should competently approach the preparation of planting material and remember some nuances of the landing itself.

Seeds

All seed must have a holistic structure, and it is not necessary to buy it, because if you have flowering cyclamen, you can also collect seeds from it.

Having decided to independently grow seeds, be prepared for artificial cross-pollination. To do this, using a brush should transfer the pollen from one flower to another, which in principle is not difficult, because its structure allows you to easily perform the specified procedure.

When the pollinated plant forms a box after time (it matures about 4 months), it remains to extract the seeds from it and plant them in the prepared substrate. The main thing - the tank should not be too deep and do not need to pour a lot of soil mixture.

Grooves for seeds are also made small - no longer than 1 cm long. There is a gap of 3 cm between individual seeds. Seed material is filled up with a small amount of earth, and it is very important to control the level of soil moisture. The first shoots will appear in a month.

The flowering of a young plant, planted in the seed way, is observed not earlier than in a year, and sometimes in three.

Tuber division

The reproduction of Kosovo cyclamen using tubers is possible, but at home it is undesirable. This procedure is performed during the rest period of the plant and will require some special knowledge from you.

Before dividing the onion, it is removed from the soil and dried thoroughly, after which it is cut into several pieces (for a start it is better to only two). It is very important that each piece received contains a kidney.

All withdrawn parts are processed with crushed charcoal and dried again. Then the whole process goes according to the standard scenario: each process is planted in a separate pot, deepening a few centimeters.

If you decide to purchase ready-made parts of a tuber, be sure to pay attention to the kidneys: they must be intact and free from damage. Such a tuber is treated with a growth accelerator and left for a while in a bright place.

A young plant should be watered periodically, but not poured, otherwise the beginning of decay is possible.

The reproduction of cyclamen by dividing a tuber is a rather problematic process, especially for beginning gardeners, but there is still a chance. As an alternative option, kids will also be suitable for the role of planting material (they take root much faster).

Features care for cyclamen Kos

Watering, feeding, pruning and transplanting plants into a new substrate play a significant role in its cultivation. Proper care always ensures the harmonious development of any flower, so it is important to know about all the possible nuances.

How to water a flower

Koska cyclamen, like many of its hybrids, requires regular but dosed irrigation, especially during the growing season.Fluid introduction is usually done by immersion, and when watering from above it is important to control this process so that water does not get on the leaves and tubers.

It will be more correct to inject liquid over the edge of the pot. During the rest period, the plants reduce the amount of moisture, but do not allow the land to dry out.

Top dressing

In the process of active flowering and growth of the plant, it is necessary to feed it once every 2 weeks, using complex mineral fertilizer (usually on the package indicated the desired dosage). After sowing the plant (when grown from seed) in the first 6 months, along with mineral compounds, organic matter must also be applied.

Pruning plants

Pruning cyclomen Kosami is practically not required, but for its normal growth and development, it is necessary to promptly remove faded flowers and wilted leaves, and the bases of stalks, prone to decay, must also be removed.

Correct transplant

Transplantation of cyclamen (not only Kosovo) should be performed regularly: every year at the same time, before budding begins. Usually this time falls on the middle of summer, when new leaves gradually start growing.

Do not underestimate the importance of this procedure, because in 12 months the soil in the pot is very depleted, which worsens its structure. When transplanting you are required to completely replace the old soil mixture with a new one, with the obligatory removal of rotten and dead roots.

If you want your cyclamen to live for a long time and delight you with its color, it is important to prepare the right soil mixture, which is most often created from leafy earth, humus, sand and peat.

Leafy land will need a little more than the rest of the ingredients, which are taken in equal proportions. If you have no desire to independently engage in the preparation of the substrate, then it can be purchased in finished form at any specialty store.

Having dealt with the new soil and picking up the appropriate container for the further development of your cyclamen, make small holes at the bottom of the pot and lay a drainage in the form of ordinary pebbles or claydite, which will save the plant from waterlogging.

When pouring new soil into the pot, you do not need to tamp it, and to improve the health of the cyclamen, before placing it in a new container, simply remove (unscrew) a few old leaves. The transplant procedure itself requires careful removal of the plant from the old pot and the same careful transfer of it to a new one.

The flower should be placed exactly in the center, and for some time it is kept on weight so as not to damage the roots. They are gently straightened and only after that they begin to pour the rest of the soil (at first, only the bottom is filled with substrate).

To protect the plant from damage to the roots, they, along with the bulb, are taken out of the old pot while preserving the earthen clod.

After transplanting the cyclone koski, pour it in two stages: first, the liquid should be allowed to soak a little, and then add more water and pour the remaining substrate.

Major diseases and pests

The most dangerous pests for the cyclone of Kosovo are the cyclamen and spider mites, which can be removed using standard insecticides.As for diseases, in most cases the plant is exposed to attacks of sulfur and wet rot, as well as putrefactive effects on the root system.

The vascular system and cyclamen tissues are affected by Fusarium, and the vessels are completely blocked with harmful microorganisms that produce toxic substances.

It is because of them that the flower ceases to receive the necessary nutrition and quickly dies. The fungus can be stored in the ground or on the stem for quite a long time, waiting for the right moment to penetrate the root system of the plant.

When exposed to wet rot (a dangerous disease of bacterial origin), cyclamen quickly fades and dries out, followed by rotting of the root system.

The infection is picked up to the plant through the water when it is watered or through another infected plant. The worst thing is to fight the disease is useless, so it remains only to destroy the infected flower.

Spores of gray rot fall on cyclamen with the help of wind and water, especially if the temperature in the room is very low and the humidity level is high.

Often there are cases of infection of cyclamen with anthracosis, a fungus that is able to stay in the soil for a long time and affect the area of ​​growth of peduncles and leaves of the plant.