How to plant seedlings and grow grapes "Transformation" in their area

Big clusters of early ripening juicy berries grapes "Transformation" appreciated by many gardeners in the post-Soviet territory. Despite the fact that this hybrid has not yet been included in the State Register, he has already earned popular recognition and has been enlisted by professional growers in the top ten varieties of culture. What you need to know in order to grow on your site a seedling of a new variety, and how to care for it, read in this article.

The history of the creation of grapes "Transfiguration"

Grape "Transfiguration" is the brainchild of a native breeder and gardener from Novocherkassk Viktor Kraynov and the description has much in common with other varieties of the author - "Victor" and "Anniversary of Novocherkassk." Find differences in them can only be a professional. And all three hybrid forms are called “Troika Krainova” by the people.

It is known that the author himself singled out from all the hybrids obtained grapes "Transformation"experiencing feelings of admiration and pride in their creation.

The taste and productivity of his brainchild received recognition from other growers from the regions of southern and temperate climatic latitudes. Over the 13 years of its existence, the species has taken root well in the farmsteads of residents of Ukraine, Belarus, Russia, Latvia, and Moldova. But unfortunately, still has not received the status of a variety.

What was taken as the maternal basis for creating a hybrid remained a secret; there is only information that the “Transfiguration”, “Victor” and “Novocherkass Anniversary” are descended from one seedling.

Biological description and characteristics of the variety

The hybrid belongs to the table top-grape, which is cultivated for consumption in raw form and for the purpose of winemaking.

According to its external characteristics, the variety is distinguished by large pink-yellow fruits of a cylindrical shape with a thin peel covered with a light touch of wax. But if the plant is cultivated in the sun, the grapes usually lose a pink tint. In size, one berry reaches almost 4 cm in length and 2,5 - 3 cm wide.

In a large cluster contains individual fruits, weighing about 20 g, and their dimensions are beyond 5 cm.

Grape brushes are not dense, acquire a conical shape and weigh an average of about 1 kg. Some, especially large, heavier - 3-3.5 kg.

For full ripening, the hybrid will take about 115 days, and in the southern regions you can harvest in the last July weeks. The fruits have a pronounced sweet taste, slightly sour.

About 20 g of sugar was found in their dense and juicy pulp. With one plant, under favorable cultivation conditions, it is possible to remove 20 kg of berries twice a year. The vine of the grapes "Transformation" is developing rapidly, characterized by moderate resistance to cold and disease.

Easily takes root on any soil, quickly adapts after transplanting. It is a self-pollinating variety, not prone to pea fruit.

Pros and cons varieties

The hybrid form of grapes "Transformation" is not yet fully understood, therefore there is no official assessment of its positive and negative sides. Nevertheless, the winegrowers of many countries had their own impression of the cultivation and the fruits of this variety. In the reviews you can hear the following strengths. plant characteristics:

• early ripening of fruits;
• the possibility of harvesting twice a day in July and October;
• good adaptation on stocks of any kind;
• stable fruiting;
• intensive development of bushes, regardless of soil characteristics;
• excellent transportability grape clusters:
• high-quality harvest on the external and taste characteristics.

Grapes "Transformation" has some drawbacks. Among them are the average frost resistance (when frosts are above -18 ° C, the plant dies) and sensitivity to fungal diseases.

Also noted is the ability of the vines to be greased, so the culture requires systematic care.

What to look for when buying seedlings

Planting material is advisable to buy in specialized centers, where the risk of being deceived is minimized.

When making a purchase, remember that the quality of the seedling determines the development of the plant for the next five years, so special attention should be paid to the roots. They must be different strength, smooth and solid surface, without any growths, curvature, abrasions and other damage of any nature. Also see if there is a seedling frostbitten or putrid plots.

It is important that the root system is not dry. You can check this by slightly scratching some branching of the rhizome or making an incision.

The fresh wood of green color appeared at the wound site indicates the suitability of the material for planting. From the proposed seedlings, choose one that has strong healthy roots of white color. Among the graft specimens, choose material up to 45 cm long with a rhizome of about half a meter. At each seedling should be at least one 10-centimeter sprout.

How to plant grapes

The yield of grapes "Transformation" is largely dependent on compliance with the rules of planting.

For a bush to grow well, it needs to be planted in the right place at the right time. Let us understand in more detail the subtleties of rooting the vine.

Timing and choice of landing site

Spring - the optimal period for planting hybrid saplings. Training should be planned in September, and landing - with the onset of stable heat. To reduce the risks of nematode and fungal diseases of the plant, the earth should warm up well.

Also at this time it is important to plant grafted material. Until the fall, such a bush will grow and strengthen its roots, which will ensure a comfortable wintering for it.

Preparatory work on the site

Preparations for the spring planting of the vine begin well in advance, even in the fall. Ideally, gardeners should, during this period, decide on the location of the shrub and prepare the soil so that it will sink well over the winter.

It is not recommended to do this in the spring, because the substrate does not have time to cope, it forms many lumps and voids, where the roots will be uncomfortable. A suitable area for the variety "Transformation" will be a place protected from the wind, somewhere near the southern wall of the house or the fence.

When preparing the selected area, you need to make a recess 50 x 50 cm and fill it with the top layer fertile soil.

The lower substrate balls are mixed with equal parts of organic matter (horse manure or chicken droppings can be used) and compost, and also superphosphate granules are added.

In this case, the fertilizer is mixed with organic substances. Then, with a mixture to the top, the dug hole is poured and covered with plastic wrap, securing its edges. Watering the hole is not recommended until the landing.

Seedlings preparation

If the planting material was purchased long before planting, before the very process of rooting, you should re-examine the rhizome and make sure that there are no dead and rotten areas on it. The bark should be holistic, and the 2 upper eyes - in a good condition. On the grafted seedlings remove small shoots, leaving the longest and most powerful. It is cut on 5 eyes, and the roots are shortened by 15 cm.

After that, the seedlings are placed on the day in the water, so that they are saturated with moisture and do not dry.

Some gardeners are advised to add a solution to their capacity that stimulates their growth (for example, "Kornevin" or "Humat"). Bring the workpiece to the landing site should be in a bucket of clay mash.

Stepwise landing process

When planting grape cuttings, the pit prepared from autumn should be re-digged, the rhizome should be lowered into it, straightened, watered and covered with substrate.

At the same time it is necessary to tamp the embankment well in order to fill the voids formed in the roots. Above the ground 2 peepholes should rise, sprinkled with fresh soil on top of them.When rooting grafted seedlings, pay attention to the place of vaccination was not deepened. It should be 3–4 cm above the ground.

When mass planting vines, observe distance between them in the aisles of 1 - 1.5 meters. In order to facilitate the process, make the markup with a cord and pegs.

After the seedling is in the ground, be sure to water it again and grumble the tree trunk.

This is done to ensure the plant effect of the greenhouse and prevent evaporation of moisture. Such a bush will quickly adapt to new conditions and will easily grow.

How to care for grapes

Grapes "Transfiguration" in the care has established itself as a non-capricious and highly appreciative variety. For normal development and generous fruiting, he needs moisture, nutrients in the soil, good haircut, prevention of infection from diseases and attacks of pests. And now about everything in order.

Treatment and protection from pests and diseases

Among the malicious insects who love to feast on the fruits of the grapes, first of all, it is worth to highlight the wasps. They massively flock to the sweet berries and eat holes in them.

Such clusters lose their appearance and deteriorate. You can save them from the invasion of these sweet teeth by removing the wasp nests in the courtyard and in the nearest territory. Some winegrowers hide brushes in mesh bags or set up special home-made traps from plastic bottles. Be prepared for the fact that the struggle with the wasps is very time consuming and often inconclusive.

For the purpose of preventive measures against fungal and bacterial diseases of grapes, experts recommend using solutions of fungicides, Bordeaux mixture (1% concentration).

Recommended 2 - 3 disinfection for the season. In addition, it is very important to monitor the moderation of the soil moisture, avoiding neither the earthen clod drying out nor its waterlogging.

Watering and mulching the soil

When watering plants important sense of proportion. Grapes love moisture, but can not grow in the marshland. Therefore, wetting the soil, consider the location of groundwater. Systematic watering is needed for the bush during the beginning of the growing season and until flowering.Later, when the ovary begins to appear, the procedure should be stopped, resuming watering only during prolonged droughts.

Experienced winegrowers make shovel shallow hole in the circle of the plant to drain excess water.

In order to retain moisture, in spring and autumn it is necessary to cover the soil around the vine with 3-cm mulch from humus or peat. In the summer, the need for such a ball disappears, because it can provoke overheating of the root system.

Fertilization

This factor is key in ensuring abundant fruiting of grapes. In a poor land, a plant will not be able to produce tasty berries in large quantities, and even twice a year. Therefore, the gardener must make some effort, regularly feeding the culture.

Experts do not advise to limit the repetition of mineral complex fertilizing, because the bush has a need for different nutrients that it needs in certain concentrations, depending on the specific stages of development.

In order not to harm the crop, every winegrower must figure out what, when and why it is necessary to bring under the vine.For example, nitrogen is responsible for increasing biomass. On this basis, substances containing this element (urea, ammonium nitrate) are introduced in the spring during the initial phases of the growing season, and such supplements are not practiced in the autumn.

When the bushes cover the color, they need to live on with phosphorus. For this purpose, recommended superphosphate, which contributes to the better development of inflorescences, ovaries and the rapid ripening of berries. Potassium is useful for grapewood and grapes.

His experienced gardeners are advised to contribute in early autumn or in the last summer weeks. The frost resistance of the crop will help harden copper, the crop will increase due to zinc, and boric acid will take care of the sugar content in the berries.

Literate pruning

Pruning grape stalks should be in the fall or spring before bud break.On the variety "Transformation" practiced fan formation of the vine, in which the cut is accounted for after 6 - 8 peepholes. Permissible no more than 28 shoots per plant. Pay attention to the grapes and during flowering. Given the heavy weight of the brushes, do not overload the vine, leave one bunch on each sprout.

Shelter for the winter

After feeding the grapes with copper-containing substances, do not relax. After all, they do not guarantee the bush carefree wintering.

You must do this. Namely: cut 75% of the vine, remove it from the supports and, bending down to the ground, wrap. Some gardeners share the experience of sheltering the grape branches with soil and hay, others cover with sacking.

But taking into account the average frost resistance of the hybrid, it is better to take care of reliable protection and to thoroughly grind the soil in the bore circle.