The best time for planting tomato seedlings in open ground

Many gardeners faced a problem when they were planting a new variety in the old experience, and in the end the crop leaves much to be desired. And this is not a matter of the lunar calendar or planting skills, but of the differences between varieties and, as a rule, the variability of the weather. Therefore, in this article we will talk about how to plant tomatoes in open ground, discuss the timing of planting varieties of early ripening, and find out whether picking seedlings can affect the yield.

Conditions for growing tomatoes that need tomatoes for a rich harvest

Regardless of the variety, precocity, or height of the bush, tomatoes require certain growing conditions, on which resistance to pests and diseases, as well as the productivity and quality of fruits, depend.

Let's start with the temperature. In order for a tomato to grow well and quickly gain green mass, a temperature in the range of + 16-20 ° C is necessary. For proper development of the fetus requires a temperature of 15 to 35 ° C.

Shine. Lighting has an important role, since its lack leads to stretching and deformation of the above-ground part of the tomato. To achieve good yields, tomatoes should be planted exclusively in open areas that are best illuminated by the sun.

Humidity of air and soil. The scorching sun quickly dries the earth and reduces the humidity of the air. That the plants do not feel "thirst" soil moisture should be between 60-75%, and air humidity - 45-60%. Therefore, it is recommended not only to water the tomatoes at the root, but also to install a sprinkler on the plots.

Feeding. All of the above factors will not help to increase productivity if the soil in the area is infertile. Of course, you can lay out a round sum and bring it to the plot with chernozem, however, the same tomatoes are pulled out of the fertile soil all the years for three or four. Therefore, the best option - feeding.

You need to make complex fertilizers, which contain the lion's share of phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen.These elements help both at the stage of rapid growth, and in the process of fetus formation. If you grow peas in the plot, then after picking the pods, use the above-ground part along with the rhizome to fertilize the plot with the tomatoes. Plants are much better tolerated by green fertilizer than artificial.

Do not forget to regularly remove weeds from the site, which not only "take" nutrients from tomatoes, but also attract a variety of pests.

When is it best to plant seedlings of tomatoes in open ground

It is no secret that picking of seedlings of tomatoes, depending on the variety and speed of ripening, is carried out at different times - as this requires. And if you have always planted late varieties, then you will have to “get used” more than one year to mid-season and early-season ones. In order to avoid mistakes, find out what time it requires different varieties.

Early tomato varieties

To get started is to find out which varieties are considered early. For early tomatoes are those varieties that begin to bear fruit earlier than 105 days after sowing. That is, you can already get full-fledged (without chemistry and GMO) fruits of tomatoes, which are used both for salads, and for preservation or further processing.

When early tomatoes are planted in open ground?

A tomato after sowing on seedlings sprouts in 5-6 days, which means that this period is not added to the total number of days that are indicated on the package. Planted seedlings in open ground need in 45-50 days after germination.

The fact is that, depending on the region, the average daily temperature varies (temperatures of at least 13 ° C are suitable for seedlings), therefore, it does not make sense to specify exact dates, since even in one region the weather can present "surprises".

Therefore, sowing seedlings of early varieties should be carried out so that a week before the intended picking in open ground outside the window there is warm, dry weather, and at night the temperature does not fall below 10 ° C.

It turns out that you need to plant tomatoes in open ground at a time when the return of frosts is impossible. For the southern regions, this is the period from April 15 to May 1; for medium-sized ones, from May 1 to May 15. If you are not 100% sure that the cooling will not come, then cover the seedlings at night with a film.

Mid-season tomatoes

Now let's talk about when to plant seedlings of mid-ripening tomatoes in open ground. Mid-season varieties of tomatoes yield a crop in 110-115 days after germination. Therefore, they need more time to develop it in the garden.

Such varieties of tomatoes in most cases are quite tall, which means they need enough nutrients and sun. It is necessary to transfer seedlings to the soil in 55-60 days after germination. It is for this reason that the picking of mid-ripened tomatoes is carried out later than the early ripening tomatoes.

Planting seedlings of mid-ripening tomatoes in the ground is carried out in May, from 1 to 15 number.However, such dates are suitable only for the southern regions. If you live in the middle lane, then you should dive the seedlings no earlier than June 1.

Late varieties

Let's talk about when to plant seedlings of late-ripe tomatoes in the open ground.

Late-ripening varieties, as well as early ripening, are divided into several subcategories: late-ripening and very late. The first yield a crop in 116-120 days after germination, the second will delight you with succulent fruits no earlier than 121 days. It is necessary to transfer seedlings to open ground 70 days after the first shoots, as these varieties take a long time to gain green mass.

Planting of late-ripened tomatoes in the ground by seedlings can be carried out based on the statistical data, which are described in the table below.Analyzing the table, we can conclude that if you, for example, want to grow a very late variety "Giraffe", which begins to bear fruit 140-160 days after the first shoots, then you need to live in latitudes that correspond to paragraph 3 and 4.

Subtracting 70 days, during which the seedlings will develop in the greenhouse, the same number remains, and it is simply impossible to guess the exact beginning of the term "warm" and its end. It is for this reason that growing late tomatoes in northern latitudes is simply not profitable.

Thus, the time of planting late-ripening tomatoes in open ground can not guess, and calculate, referring to the statistics. It can also be used for other varieties, however, it is still the most useful for later ones, since we still have a small “corridor” for recruitment of green mass, aging and collection of finished products.

Features of tomato picks

Having learned about the timeframe for picking various varieties, we will talk about how and how the seedlings of tomatoes of different maturity are planted in open ground.

The landing is best done on a cloudy day, if it's sunny outside - wait for the evening. During the night the plant will get stronger and calmly transfer the scorching rays of the sun the next day.

The planting pattern depends on the type of tomato, its height and irrigation system. Anyway, plant the plants so that they do not interfere with each other:

• Low-growing varieties of tomatoes are better planted according to the scheme 50 × 50 cm.
• Sredneroslyy varieties of tomatoes are better planted 70 × 60 cm.
• Late-ripening varieties of tomatoes are planted according to the scheme 70 × 70 cm.

Now, when it's time to plant tomatoes in open ground, you need to do everything according to the rules. The fact is that with improper picking, seedlings can quickly die.

Before planting, seedlings must be watered abundantly. This will help you remove the tomatoes from the pots without damaging the roots.

The holes for planting tomatoes should be the depth of the spade bayonet.Before planting, fill them with water to the top and wait until the moisture is absorbed into the soil.

Once the wells are ready, seedlings can be pulled out of the pots and vertically deepened into the ground.

Now you need to sprinkle the roots with soil. Then scatter a little bit of compost around the stem and re-fill the hole with soil, tamping it down.

Each plant after planting need to moisten with 1 liter of water.

Be sure to install near each bush pegs. They will be useful later in the garter.

Pegs are set up to 45 cm high near the undersized, and 75 cm for medium ones.

After transplantation, seedlings should be covered with a transparent film to protect it from drafts and precipitation. Shelter is removed only when there is good warm weather outside, and seedlings will take root in a new place and take root. Seedlings take root for 10 days, all this time you can not water the tomatoes. After 10 days the first watering is carried out.

Hopefully, from this article you were able to find out when and how to plant tomatoes and how many days after sowing it is worth picking in open ground.