Plum has been grown for a long time. It is rare to meet someone who does not like these alluring and tasty berries. Plums are used anywhere: they make delicious compotes, jams, preserves, sauces. Plums can be frozen and dried. And those who have a cottage, can grow a variety of varieties of plums, without making special efforts. One of the interesting varieties of this species is a shred.
- What is a ternoule: biological features
- Difference between thorns and thorns
- Selection of land for planting
- Planting seedlings are dwarfs
- Care and cultivation of fruit trees shreds
- Soil care
- Fertilization
- Pruning
- Overwintering groundwater
- Description of the varieties of dwarfs
- The beneficial properties of the impurities
What is a ternoule: biological features
The first dips appeared as a result of natural selection, with the common growth of blackthorn and wild species of cultivated plum. This result attracted the attention of breeders who began to produce new hybrid varieties.
The drowning, or thorny plum, belongs to the Rosy family, and its description differs little from thorns. This is a branched shrub that grows up to 4 meters in height, or a small tree with strong prickly shoots. The main advantage of dwarfs is stable and abundant yields.
The leaves of the extrusion are small (4.5 cm), oblong-elliptical, serrated at the edges. It blooms with single white flowers with a diameter of 1.5-3 cm, which bloom before the leaves.
The fruits of prickly plum are spherical, dark blue or black with a gray wax coating. The flesh is dense, green, with a sweet-sour taste, rather tart. The berries ripen in August-September and keep on the branches until winter.
Difference between thorns and thorns
For the most part, shreds have retained all the valuable properties of thorns, although its fruits are much larger, less tart and sweeter in taste. And the bush shrub has fewer thorns than the sloe.
The composition of the fruit of the dwarf differs little from the thorns.
However, in a wild plant there are less sugars - 5-6% (in a dough - 12-14%) and more tannins and acids.
Selection of land for planting
Over the choice of place on the site do not have long to think - All varieties of dwarf grow well in any part of the garden. Although, according to experienced gardeners, it is best to plant it along the boundaries of the site - this way you can protect the rest of the plants from the north wind. In addition, this landing scheme will make it easier to deal with numerous shoots.
It is not demanding on soil soils, however it feels best on clayey areas.
Planting seedlings are dwarfs
Place for planting a mongrel is prepared in a week - the site is dug up and pits are prepared (depth depends on the size of the roots). A bucket of humus, a tablespoon of urea, a glass of ash and a handful of lime (of course, all the components must be thoroughly mixed) are brought into each pit and covered with a film on top. The distance between the pits should be 80-100 cm.
The seedlings of the dwarf before planting are treated with a root formation stimulator and placed in a prepared pit filled with warm water. The earth around is gently tamped and watered.In order for the dunking to take root well, The seedling should be 2-3 years old.
Care and cultivation of fruit trees shreds
Admixture - unpretentious, drought-resistant and frost-resistant plant, landing and care of which do not take a lot of time and practically do not cause trouble.
Soil care
After planting, the adjacent soil should be periodically loosened to facilitate access of oxygen to the root system. In addition, you must not forget about watering the shreds (just do not flood, irrigate as needed) and remove weeds.
Grass near the mongrel is mowed, leaving it in place as mulch.
Fertilization
After the dunking begins to bear fruit, to increase the yield it needs to be fed once a season. To do this, use mullein or humus (1 part mullein per 10 parts of water) - 1 kg per bush or mineral fertilizers for berry bushes - 70-80 g under the bush.
Pruning
Pruning a dresser is probably the most time consuming process for growing it. Pruned plant will have three times a season. This should be done at the end of March, the end of June and the end of July.
Spring spend sanitary pruning removing damaged and dry branches. To avoid thickening, to provide a sufficient amount of sunlight and air access, in the bush version 4-5 fruit-bearing branches are left. If the need arises, or dunking is grown as a hedge, in the spring you can give the crown an attractive look with the help of molding trimming.
Growing shoots must be removed at soil level.
Overwintering groundwater
Since the stalks are frost-resistant, it does not require shelter from the cold.
However, the spiny plum has more dangerous than the cold, the enemies in the winter time are rodents. In order for them not to damage the plant in winter, it is necessary to trample snow around it, and it is possible to protect the trunk with roofing material or barbed wire.
Even if the drowned frost froze, it recovers well due to prishtambovy shoots and basal shoots.
Description of the varieties of dwarfs
Despite the fact that such a plant as a sink, many tend to be perceived as wild-growing,in culture, it has been used for quite some time. The most famous varieties are distinguished by high yield and cold resistance:
- "Autumn". The vigorous variety with medium-sized round-oval fruits.
The color of the ripe fruit is dark blue, the flesh is juicy, green. Differs late maturity.
- "Large-fruited". Srednerosloy tree 3-3.5 meters tall. It is characterized by an early fruiting period, self-fertility and yield (up to 30 kg from an adult tree). Fruits are purple, rounded oval. The flesh is slightly tart, sourish and sweet. Ripens late.
- "Burluk". A low tree that starts to bear fruit quickly. Productivity from one tree - 20-25 kg. Fruits - dark purple, ripen in September.
- "Tenkovskaya blue". Medium thick wood. Fruits - medium (14 g), oval, dark blue. Ripen in September. The flesh is juicy, sweet-sour.
- "Uzbek". Small productive (20-25 kg) trees. The fruits ripen in September and in a ripe form have a purple-black color.
- "Large-fruited early". A weakly vigorous plant growing to 2.5 m. Fruits ripen in August, mature dark purple, slightly tart.Productivity - 12 kg from a tree.
- "Volzhsky". Begins to bear fruit in 4-5 years. Harvest gives every year. Self-fertile variety with good taste. Fruits - dark blue with a thick bright touch. In a mature form, the berries do not have astringency, sweet and sour.
- "Oversized". Small, skoroplodny tree. Fruits are small, ripen in August-September. Mature berries have a black and blue tint.
The beneficial properties of the impurities
Adhesives contain large amounts of vitamins, acids, tannins, minerals, sugars, and therefore brings considerable benefits.
On an industrial scale, the dough is used to make vinegar and in the production of alcoholic beverages. Bones of dwarfs are used to make activated carbon.
In addition, the extrusion contains a large amount of vitamin C - even more than in black currants, and the leaves of the plant can be brewed and drunk as tea.
Has found application of a mercury drip in medicine - it is used in the manufacture of drugs for the treatment of diseases of the kidneys, bladder, problems with the digestive tract and to relieve inflammation in the oral cavity.
In folk medicine, the fruits of dough are used as an astringent for diarrhea, decoctions of bark and roots are used as a febrifuge, and flowers are used as a diuretic, diaphoretic and laxative.
Growing a dresser on the site will bring real pleasure to gardeners. A small effort to care for her will return a rich harvest. This beauty is worthy to take pride of place in the country.
