What to do if broilers sneeze, wheeze, diarrhea: how to treat illnesses of poultry

Broilers are popular with both farmers and owners of small farmsteads. The rapid growth and simplicity in content attract many. It will be useful for future owners to find out what diseases can occur in chickens, what are their symptoms and treatment.

Broiler resistance to disease

Day-old broilers are very vulnerable and therefore require special attention. The digestive system of such chicks is not yet developed, the process of heat exchange of the body is not established. Therefore, the immunity of chicks (and adults) is directly dependent on human care.

Like any fast-growing bird, it needs oxygenated air. A musty "atmosphere" provokes the appearance of pulmonary edema, water-flow in the abdomen (ascites), and accumulation of fluid near the heart (hydropericarditis). Be sure to provide chicks ventilation. The decisive factor for the health of a bird is its “home”. The litter material must be warm so that the belly is not supercooled. Before "settling" the cell is heated to 24-33 ° C (in small farms a lamp is hung above the box). In the future, it can get rid of the problem than to treat diarrhea in chickens.

When it remains several hours before the arrival of the young, warm water (approximately + 25 ° C) is added to the drinkers with the addition of ascorbic acid and glucose at the rate of 2 and 50 g, respectively. This reduces the risk of development of putrefactive processes in the intestine. For the prevention of intestinal infections suitable drugs like "Biomos".

Vitamin-mineral preparations are added to water that is weak in appearance to the chickens. In the first two weeks, food is served in the form of small grains; this food must contain a minimum of complex protein and fats. Such "starts" are sold in large quantities.

Unfortunately, poor-quality feed is found on the market. After eating them, diarrhea begins in chickens, and its treatment requires new drugs. These are probiotics and enterosorbents added to feed. Before using them, it is best to consult a veterinarian.

And, of course, water.Used vacuum drinkers should be cleaned regularly, after which they should be carefully put in place - it is simply dangerous to plant a “swamp” around the watering hole.

All these measures will secure youngsters, but they will not give one hundred percent confidence in their health. Therefore, every broiler owner should know at least the main symptoms of their pet's diseases and how to treat them.

Infectious diseases of broilers: description and treatment

An experienced farmer knows that in the process of growth can be distinguished periods when the risk of illness is especially great. Experts confirm this, calling such dangerous intervals: 0-5, 20-25 and 35-40 days. At this time, the bird needs an eye and an eye. Will consider The most common diseases of broilers, their symptoms and proper treatment.

Coccidiosis

The disease is caused by unicellular (Eimeria), affecting the mucous membrane. Because of this inflammation, other infections can occur, so the danger of coccidiosis should not be minimized.

The carrier of the disease may be in the crevices, bedding, drinking bowls and feeders. Any chicken at the age of 10 days can become infected.

Symptoms:

• general weakness;
• reduced appetite;
• small weight gain;
• uncertain walk;
• thirst;
• diarrhea with red or orange extracts. Black or dark cherry inclusions with mucus are possible. In some cases, such manifestations may not occur, which only increases the risk of infection.

Broiler coccidiosis, its symptoms and treatment depend on the conditions of the poultry. A large accumulation in itself is a convenient environment for infections, especially with irregular ventilation. The disease enters the house with the things brought in or from the shoe sole. Sticky bedding - the most favorable environment for its development.

The particular danger of this ailment is in the survivability of the carrier. Completely get rid of coccidia is unreal, in small quantities, they are always in the intestines of chickens. Therefore, even the most thorough disinfection will not give the expected result.

However, not everything is so gloomy. For prophylaxis, along with traditional methods (airing, cleaning), so-called coccidiostatics are used. Such drugs are divided into two types.The stores offer lasalocid, salinomycin, naprazin, monensin. These are ionophores designed specifically for the prevention and development of immunity. They are gradually added from the 10-day period. At about the same time before slaughter, they are excluded from the diet.

Directly for treatment of acute forms “Chemistry” is used: totazuril, nicarbazine, robenidine, amprolium (both concentrate and 20%) and similar means are added to water. Carefully study the dosage, as it is a potent substance.

The drug is evaporated with water for three to five days (depending on the type of drug and the intensity of the infectious outbreak)

The mentioned disease is one of the main reasons why broilers die at a monthly age. Another "antidote" - ready therapeutic premix. In small packaging, they rarely come across, but the search is worth it.

Aspergillosis

The causative agent of the disease is a soil fungus that enters the body from contaminated surfaces, bedding and feed.Especially Aspergill is dangerous for day-old chicks.

For sick young animals, an acute course is characteristic, whereas in adult chickens, aspergillosis takes on chronic forms. Symptoms for different ages are also different..

In young:

• slow growth;
• shortness and fast breathing;
• general weakness;
• "gulping" the air, the broiler pulls the neck up.

In adult chickens:

• a sharp reduction in egg production;
• mucus coming from the eyes and nasal openings;
• total exhaustion;
• embryo death;
• complicated breathing.

If broilers sneeze and wheeze, the question arises, what to do and how to treat? The first step is to clarify the diagnosis.

For an experienced person, this is not difficult - when cutting a sick bird in the lungs there are whole colonies of a contagious fungus (yellowish grains). You can also determine by eggs - these products from sick layers are literally populated with aspergillus. Having broken an egg, it will become visible as a brown-green or black stain.

If there is no such experience, contact a specialist. True, the tests may be delayed due to the peculiar life cycle of the infection.

For treatment use antifungal antibiotics and iodine-containing agents. But first the rooms are aired - as we know, the disease is transmitted in the air.

Kuram is pricked by nystatin, intraconazole, instatin, mycoplasis and similar antibiotics. Potassium iodide is diluted in water (0.2-0.3 mg per chicken). Copper sulfate is also a solution, it is soldered to five days (in the proportion of 1/2000).

Often, vaccination does not work, so it makes sense to switch to the processing of the chicken coop. For this you need the following solutions:

• Iodine solution (1%), take 5 - 10 ml / cu. Exposure - 1.5 hours;
• 2% boric acid solution. The same dosage and exposure;
• Chloride-type composition. 0.2 ml of lime and the same amount of turpentine is taken per cubic meter;
• Monochloride iodine. 0.5 ml / m. Cube for a sealed room. Pour the liquid in galvanized or plastic containers, add aluminum powder in a ratio of 1/20. Exposure - up to 40 minutes with further airing. The normal course of treatment is three in three days.
• Revolin and nystatin are sprayed, 300 cubic meters are needed per cubic meter;
• 1% berenyl: up to 10 ml / m. cc At least half an hour of exposure, 3 - 4 days of processing.

Tightening with the treatment is not worth it - the death of young animals in acute forms usually exceeds 50%.Therefore, having determined why broilers chickens die, start treatment.

Marek's disease

Dangerous and common disease, occurring in different forms. Predisposition of broilers to this disease is not a secret for farmers and veterinarians. The risk group is chickens in the first days after hatching, when infection occurs. The cunning of this disease lies in its late manifestation (obvious signs may appear at the age of 2 - 3 months).

Symptoms:

• Weight loss and general weakness;
• Limping;
• Sick eyes (modified pupil form in layers);
• Constantly rolled to one side of the neck
• Dehydration (with mass disease).

As you can see, chickens do not die here immediately, and what to do is sometimes unclear. On the first roles comes prevention, not treatment. Maintaining cleanliness, changing the coating, vitamin supplements can prevent the death of birds. A separate plus is vaccination at the age of one day (this is about the question of whether it is worth taking the young growth directly at the poultry farms - there are usually such preparations).

Re-vaccination is carried out between 10 and 21 days. Vaccines and Nobilis products are used. In this case, it is better to contact the veterinarians.

This disease is difficult to cure due to its unusual timing. A semi-paralyzed bird is difficult to move away. If other symptoms are detected, about 30% of infected chickens die.

Respiratory Mycoplasmosis

The most common disease. Called the bacterium mycoplasma. Infection occurs through the air, and the chickens pick up the disease is still in the egg. Differs slow (up to 20 days) flow. At about the same age can occur in chickens. The risk zone is age from 20 to 45 days, but adult chickens are also susceptible. The most obvious sign of illness - chickens sneeze and wheeze, and how to treat, we consider in more detail below.

Symptoms:

• wheeze;
• dyspnea;
• slow growth;
• lack of appetite.
• swollen eyelids (rarely, but sometimes).

In adult chickens, the same symptoms are observed, and in addition - a decrease in egg production. All of these symptoms may suggest other diseases (hemophilia, infectious bronchitis, pneumovirus). Mycoplasmosis is easily transmitted to healthy individuals, even a few patients can infect all the livestock. Therefore, we undertake treatment.

For a small herd use injections. Intramuscular agents are administered to chickens such as:

• Tialong (0.1 g / 1 kg body weight);
• Tilanic (both 5% and 20%);
• Farmazin (50,200);
• Tilocolin AF (0.5 g / 1 kg);
• Tilobel (50,200).

When broilers wheeze in a big chicken coop, special attention needs to be paid to what to treat them. Drugs based on enrofloxacin, tiamulin or tilazine are added to the water. The most affordable "Farmazin" (1 g / liter), "Pneumotil" (0.3 g / l), "Tilsol-200" (2.5 g / l). Preparations with enrofloksatny element diluted at the rate of 1 g / l.

A separate question is the treatment of unclear signs. Here in favor are complex drugs: Biofarm, Gidrotrim, Eriprim, Tilokol, Macrodox 2000, Denagard. Most of them are mixed in the drink, but a considerable part is designed for food. Accordingly, the dosage is also different. In order not to get confused when choosing - consult with the seller or veterinarian.

Having dealt with the problem of wheezing in broilers and finding out what to treat, let's stop on disinfection. The choice of means for spraying is small:

• "Monklavit" (3 ml / m 3 cube);
• 30% lactic acid (10 ml);
• "Ecocide" (0.15 ml);
• Yodotriethylene glycol (0.7 ml).

Newcastle disease

Another name is pseudo-wit. It is dangerous for birds of all ages, and both animals and humans can act as carriers. The infection is very tenacious - can disperse within a radius of 10 km.

Symptoms:

• severe exhaustion;
• convulsions;
• head twitching;
• diarrhea;
• mucus from the mouth and nasal openings;
• cough;
• pupil clouding;
• wheezing.

Experts regularly record the emergence of new strains of this disease, so the course of the disease may be different. Untreated chickens die from the acute form in 2-3 days. Blood-borne diarrhea is characteristic of the so-called subacute course, when the intestines of vaccinated chicks are affected, and in general it is more effective to carry out preventive measures than to treat.

Unfortunately, the treatment of such a disease is impractical - healthy chickens are endangered by this. Disinfection, diet, cleaning and distance from sick stock. On vaccines, too, do not forget. Industrial livestock vaccinated on a mandatory basis, but also this measure will be useful for poultry.

Factory broilers already have immunity, and vaccination in the compound is done at the age of 20-25 days (for home broilers this period will not be more than 15 days, they drop into the nose or eyes). Adult chickens are treated with inactivates. If the herd is large, they manage without "personal treatment", giving the so-called live vaccine, diluted in water. She is quite aggressive, but acts a short time.

Carefully study the data on the composition and dosages of the funds - some of them have serious contraindications.

Pullorosis

In another way, this disease is called white typhoid. The causative agent is Salmonella bacterium. The most dangerous for chickens from 5 to 20 days. It is characteristic that in adult broilers it can proceed without pronounced symptoms:

• diarrhea with light green mucus;
• thirst;
• drowsiness of young;
• dyspnea;
• pale comb (in adults).

In acute form, the sick chicken can die within a week. If the infection occurred on the second or third week, the disease will have a chronic form. You can determine it: the bird is inactive, often there are problems with the intestines.

Such diarrhea in broiler chickens and further treatment interests not only the owners, but also veterinarians. The fact is that there are no clear prescriptions for pullorosis. In addition, even strong antibiotics do not eliminate the infection completely. Therefore, the treatment takes prophylactic forms.

Fixed assets - furazolidone and biomitsin. They are added to feed:

• Furazolidone: 2 g / 1000 heads (1 - 5 day), 3 g (from 5 to 15), daily.
• Biomitsin: 1 g / 1000 heads from 1 to 10 days, 1.2 g - from 11 months.

Do not forget also about the treatment of the room, disinfection will not be superfluous.

Broiler disease prevention

Diseases of birds require specific measures of treatment, but prevention is common and mandatory for all activities. There are not so many of them, but their importance is obvious.

First point - room and its preparation. We already mentioned it at the beginning of the article. We add only that disinfection should be carried out with the same frequency, even in a rural yard. One should not forget about the fight against various pests and insects - they are the carriers of the most dangerous diseases.If possible, avoid contact with other birds or animals. It is unnecessary to remind of cleanliness - replacing the litter with fresh material reduces the risk of infection.

Vaccination depends on the age and place of purchase of the bird. Usually take daily chickens. If you buy at a poultry farm, they are often vaccinated. Although an additional vaccine will be useful.

Compliance with the diet excludes many diseases. High-quality feed, premixes and vitamins, with proper dose calculation, ensure stable growth. It is proposed a lot of such tools, but you can navigate by reading the accompanying information or asking the seller.

The real owner will always see the first signs of the disease. Therefore, do not be lazy to inspect the animals. If several dozen chickens were taken, this simplifies the task. It is desirable to isolate patients and look at their condition.

We reviewed the most common diseases of broilers, their symptoms and treatment. We hope our advice will help to avoid trouble, and housekeeping will be a joy.