How to grow a pear varieties "Veles" on your site

Pear "Veles", another name for "Daughter of Excellent", is an autumn variety of pears, which is especially valued for its generous yield, resistance to fungal diseases and enviable frost resistance. In this material, we will give a description of the pears of the variety "Veles", we will consider the features of planting and growing pears, collecting and storing, and the advantages and disadvantages of this variety.

Pear "Veles": description of the variety

Pear tree sredneroslye. Its crown is sprawling, and later wide-pyramidal, of medium thickness. The branches are thick, long and curved. Fruiting, mainly focused on kolchatkah. Shoots are large, brown, brownish.The leaves are wavy, smooth, dark green, finely serrated on the edges, kept on thin, long petioles. The tree blooms with white and fragrant buds in the spring. Fruits are formed all summer, and ripen in early August. The fruit of the pear is medium, about 200 g, yellow-green with a red or orange shade. The stem is curved, long. They have a symmetrical wide-rim, without ribs, shape. The flesh is juicy, soft, creamy, semi-oily. The fruits are sweet. Fruiting of the tree begins in the fifth - seventh year.

The rules of planting pears "Veles"

The trees of the "Veles" pear prefer fertile soil, and it is desirable that there is a layer of sand under the fertile layer: this has a good effect on the root system. The right choice of seedlings, location, planting schemes - a guarantee that the pear will bring a generous harvest.

How to choose seedlings for planting

For planting, choose biennial seedlings with even, undamaged trunks with a small number of side branches.

When buying seedlings, especially carefully inspect their roots. They must not be dry, without damage, not less than 25 cm in length.

Choosing a place under the pear

Pear "Veles" thermophilic. Sunny, windless places are suitable for it, and tree growth and the level of sugar content of fruits will depend on it. The best solution would be to plant a pear tree in a lighted place near the house. So you protect the pear from gusts of wind and frost. You can also plant a pear seedling in the garden among other fruit trees. You can get generous harvests from the Veles pear tree if it grows on loamy, sandy or sandy-black soil.

Time and landing scheme

It is possible to plant a pear both in early spring and in autumn. Planting pears varieties "Veles" in the spring protects the tree from rodents, in addition, over the summer grows the root system of the tree, which will improve his overwintering.

As for planting in the fall, then plant a pear in the second half of September, a few weeks before the onset of frost. Pits should also be prepared in advance.

The pit must be dug about a meter wide and 40-50 cm deep. The bottom of the pit must be loosened and fertilizers added there (mix in equal proportions fertile soil and peat or humus).On one hole it will take about two or three buckets. Notches are made on the walls of the pit to improve air circulation and stimulate root growth. When planting pears follow specific instructions:

• Beat the peg into the center of the garter hole of the seedling so that it does not deform.
• When lowering the seedling into the pit, check that the root neck is 2-3 cm above ground level.
• Slowly pour the tree with earth, while watering it from time to time, shake it and pull it up a bit (to evenly distribute the land between the roots).
• At the end of the backfill, the ground should look like liquid mud.
• From above, sprinkle the hole with the remaining earth, form a side around the pear and pour it with two or three buckets of water.
• After water is absorbed, the ground is mulched with peat or sawdust.

A pear is planted according to this scheme: the distance between seedlings in a row is 5-6 m, and between rows - 2-3 m.

How to grow a pear "Veles" at their summer cottage, especially care

Pear "Veles" requires high-quality care to themselves, in order to bear fruit generously and regularly.The plant needs to be fed, watered, loosened the soil, weed, weed, cut off the branches, make sure that there are no pests, and take timely preventive measures and fight diseases.

How to water a pear

Watering is extremely important for a plant, both for a sapling, and to an adult tree. Young seedlings need to be watered two or three times a week (for one plant 2 buckets of water). Mature trees will also require watering, especially when they start to bear fruit. Watered three to four times a month. Watering is done in the morning or in the evening.

The pear can be watered with the help of rotating mechanisms, when water drips the ground from the ground (rain method), and with the help of a small (about 15 cm deep) excavated trench around the tree into which water flows. Water is then distributed throughout the earth, and the roots take the necessary moisture for themselves.

Fertilizers and tree dressing

The fertile soil is depleted over time and loses nutrients. therefore organic and mineral supplements are used to restore it. Full nutrition of pear trees will bring a bountiful harvest.Pear trees are fed several times a year. The first fertilizer is produced before flowering, for which carbimide, saltpeter or urea are used. The second feeding is done at the end of the flowering of the pear, and then the “green” fertilizer is applied - food waste, manure, leaves, grass. They are placed in a dug trench around a tree and covered with earth. All this mixture is rotting and gives additional feeding to the tree. The third dressing is made in the middle of September by mineral fertilizers, ashes or sawdust.

All about pruning pears varieties "Veles"

Pruning pears "Veles" is necessary so that all branches of the plant took enough light to grow.

Pruning seedlings

Before planting a young seedling is pruned. All branches are shortened by one third. Thus, the future crown is formed. The next trimming is done in spring, until the buds are swollen.

Adult pruning

In adult trees, the branches lying on the ground are completely removed, weak shoots and necessarily all the sick and old branches.

Pear Breeding Methods

The pear can multiply by seeds and vegetatively (layering, cuttings, grafting). Propagation by seeds is used to breed new varieties of pears by artificially crossing different varieties, species and hybrids. Pear "Veles" often propagated by layering and cuttings.

Reproduction by cuttings

Pear cuttings are harvested in winter. An adult branch with two-year wood is taken and cracked without tearing the bark. If the branch is long, it is cracked in several places. The optimal length of the cuttings is considered to be 15-20 cm long. The places of fractures in the half-bent state are wrapped with a plaster, a scouring tape or scotch tape. Then the branch is fixed to the stick or wire. The dressing material and the fixer are removed at the end of March, and the branch is cut into cuttings at the break points. In a dark two-liter plastic bottle pour melt water (to a height of 5-7 cm), several tablets of activated carbon are dissolved in it, and 10-12 cuttings are lowered into it in lower sections. The bottle is placed in a bright place.After a few weeks, callus buds form on the lower sections and the roots begin to grow. When the roots reach a length of 5-7 cm, they are planted in open ground in fertile soil. At first, they are satisfied with shading from bright light. Cuttings need to be watered, fed, weeded, and by the fall they will already look like two or three year old seedlings.

Reproduction by layering

It is impossible to bend a pear branch to the ground, but this method of reproduction is applied by layering: a box with fertile soil is inserted under the branch; , several transverse cuts are made on its bark, then a branch is pinned and buried in the soil in a box. At the end of all these procedures, the surface of the soil in the box is covered with a film, roofing material, or mulched with a layer of compost.

The soil needs to be kept slightly wet. The roots are formed before the end of the season, but they will still be very weak to transplant the layering. In winter, the branch is covered with spruce branches, and a snowdrift is pounced on the box.In general, the process of cultivating the slice of Veles pears lasts two years. Then it is disconnected from the mother tree and transplanted, like a normal sapling. By the way, the layering bloom and bear fruit before the seedlings. And this method completely preserves the varietal characteristics of the mother tree.

Harvesting and Storage

The ripe pears are determined by color (when the fruits turn yellow, they are ripe) and by the density of the pears (ripe fruits become softer). Harvest in late August - early September. From one tree you can collect from 50 to 100 kg of pears. Fruits ripen at the same time. But it is better to collect in two stages: first large fruits are collected (in the 20th of August), and from mid-September all the rest.

If the fruits were torn off slightly immature, then they can be stored in the refrigerator until November. Ripened fruits for long-term storage are not suitable, they are best used fresh or used for harvesting. Store pears in the basement in boxes or on wooden shelves, which are covered with paper before. Each pear at the same time wrapped in thin, soft paper or peppered chips or clean sand.Control the humidity in the basement so that the pears do not bend, as well as in the basement there should be no extraneous odors and traces of mold.

Pear "Veles": the merits and demerits of the variety

Advantages of a pear of a grade of "Veles":

• Delicious fruits;
• Beautiful appearance;
• High cold resistance;
• Resistance to fungal diseases;
• High yield;
• Regular fruiting.

Disadvantages pears varieties "Veles":

• Fruits shrink at a generous harvest and as the tree grows;
• Kidney freeze when fruits ripen;
• Late entry into the fruiting stage.

Having planted a "Veles" pear in your plot, you will definitely not regret it. Delicious, juicy, fragrant fruits will not leave anyone indifferent.