Swede - The plant is a hybrid of cabbage and turnip, its homeland is considered Sweden.
This root vegetable has a juicy, spicy, yellowish-white flesh, is a relative of radish, radish and all kinds of cabbage.
- Rules for landing swede
- Optimum landing times
- Choosing a place to plant
- Preparations for planting swede seeds
- Scheme and depth of landing
- Cultivation and care of turnips
- Loosening and weeding the soil
- Watering and fertilizer
- Pest control
- Collection and storage of swede root vegetables
- Useful properties of swede
- Who should refrain from using swede
Rules for landing swede
What is swede, it is already clear, find out the main points of planting this root. Before planting, the dug holes are well watered, the seedling root is dipped into the clay mixture. Put so that the neck was on the surface. After that, the wells are watered again and the soil is tamped.
Optimum landing times
Planting seedlings occurs one and a half months after sowing the seeds, when the seedlings already have a couple of leaves. In terms of guided by the weather in your area, the approximate period - the middle of May. Rutabagum can be planted in late autumn.With such a planting in the spring even thick sprouts sprout. They appear a couple of weeks earlier than in May.
Choosing a place to plant
When planting swede, choose for yourself, but there are basic rules for choosing a site. Groundwater should be deep, and the soil should be fertile, loamy or sandy, possibly peaty. Place for landing is prepared in advance - in the fall.
The soil is fertilized with compost or humus with the addition of superphosphate and potassium salt, about 30 grams per square meter. You can sprinkle the soil with dolomite flour before fertilizing.
Preparations for planting swede seeds
Before germination, seeds need to be disinfected with a special solution: Chop 25 g of garlic, add 100 g of water. Hold the seeds in this mixture, then rinse with clean water and dry. In order to germinate the seeds, they are wrapped in a damp cloth and kept until sprouts appear.
Scheme and depth of landing
How to plant swede on open ground: wells dug at a distance of 20 cm in a row, between the rows - half a meter. Sand is poured into the hole, then the seedlings are carefully laid and covered with sand and peat compost.
During the autumn planting, the depth of the hole is made up to 3 cm at the same distance as in the rassadny method of planting. In the hole put on 2-3 seed. Sprinkled with sand and a layer of compost.
Cultivation and care of turnips
Growing swede more fruitful under warm weather conditions. The first shoots peek at a temperature of + 3 ° C, and for the growth and formation of root crops the best temperature is + 16-18 ° C.
Loosening and weeding the soil
Care of turnips involves weeding, loosening and hilling. Weeding is carried out between the rows and on the rows themselves, removing weeds sucking nutrients from the soil.
The first time they loosen the soil immediately after transplanting, it is most convenient to loosen after rain or watering. During the season they make about five loosening of the soil to a depth of 8 cm. Spud turnips during the period of the ovary of the rosettes covering the leaves.
Watering and fertilizer
In a dry summer, watering is often carried out, but it is impossible to re-moisten the soil: turnips will grow watery and fresh. It is advisable to use warm and separated water for irrigation.
For spring and summer, you can spend 2-3 feeding, alternating organic matter with mineral fertilizers. In early summer, you can feed a solution of ash with the addition of superphosphate. This feeding is carried out after irrigation and loosening.
Pest control
Swede is more prone to parasites than diseases. Most often it is attacked by cabbage flies, aphids and fleas. The latter can be fought with the help of ash, scattering between the rows.
A dry mixture of naphthalene and river sand, one to ten, is prepared against a cabbage fly. The mixture is also scattered on the beds. The procedure is repeated ten days later. Cabbage aphids are sprayed with a solution of laundry soap and water, sometimes ash is added.
Collection and storage of swede root vegetables
If you planted swede for summer use, the crop is harvested as the root crops ripen. Consider that large fruits are not always juicy and tasty, do not chase after size. For winter storage, cleaning begins in early September, you need to finish before the onset of the first frost.
Root crops are harvested in dry and warm weather, so they will be better stored. The swede is pulled out of the ground by hand and suspended to dry in a ventilated place. Eat damaged or cracked fruits: they are not suitable for long-term storage.
With good root crops cut the tops, leaving two centimeters, put in boxes, pouring sand. The storage of swede in the winter occurs at temperatures ranging from zero to four degrees Celsius.
Useful properties of swede
Swede has a rich chemical composition. These include: proteins, fats, light carbohydrates, fiber. Vitamins present in the composition: ascorbic acid, vitamin A, B-vitamins, carotene, rutin and essential oil. A large number of trace elements: potassium, calcium, copper, phosphorus, iron, sodium and sulfur.
After all the above listed question: what is useful swede, can be considered closed.
Infusion of swede seeds used in stomatitis. Root crops are used as a diuretic and anti-inflammatory agent. The juice of the plant heals wounds and burns.
Swede has a resolving and expectorant effect, is used for dry coughs, diseases of the lungs and bronchi.
In winter, with vitamin deficiency, swede - a valuable source of vitamins and minerals. Long since the swede was given to the elderly to maintain vitality. Due to the large amount of vitamin C, rutabaga fights cold and supports immunity.
Who should refrain from using swede
Swede does not have a large range of contraindications. It is not recommended to eat with gastritis, ulcers, as the root has a high content of ascorbic acid.
In other disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, coarse vegetable fibers of rutabaga can irritate the mucous membranes. For the same reason, it is not advisable to give swede to small children.
